Fig. 4.

Haplotype diversity and distribution of the three Collembola species among sites in SVL (and the QAR for G. hodgsoni), showing spatial isolation of the (A) four genetically diverged lineages (5.7 to 7.9% p distance) of G. hodgsoni, (B) three genetically diverged lineages (3.3 to 4.2% p distance) of C. nivicolus, and (C) two genetically diverged lineages (10.7% p distance) of A. monoculata. Sites where only one species was found are indicated with stars, while only two species (of various combinations) were found at each of the remaining named sites (excepting SVL Widespread coastal). Sites where any given species was not found are indicated with small white circles. For G. hodgsoni, the many haplotypes within the “SVL Widespread coastal” cluster were simplified to a scaled-down haplotype network (boxed) for ease of graphical purposes; see ref. 36 for further haplotype and locality detail for this species. Numbers in the gray boxes indicate the number of mutational steps between haplotypes.