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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 12.
Published in final edited form as: Lab Chip. 2019 Mar 27;19(7):1193–1204. doi: 10.1039/c8lc00755a

Figure 1. Development of an in vitro tumor microenvironment system (TMES) to mimic human in vivo tumor biology.

Figure 1.

(A) Schematic of TMES. Endothelial cells are plated above the transwell and pancreatic stellate cells and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells are plated below the transwell. Tumor-derived hemodynamic force is applied above the transwell to the endothelial cells through rotation of the cone. The upper and lower chambers are independently perfused with media to recapitulate interstitial flow. (B) PDX PDAC 366 cells (green; anti-cytokeratin 18) were grown in the TMES for 7 days with pancreatic stellate cells (red; anti-fibroblast), nuclei stained with DAPI. 4x composite image. (C) Left panel is IHC of PDAC 366 clinical sample, right panel is immunofluorescence stained as in (B) of PDAC 366. 20x images. Scale Bar 100 microns. (D) Principal Component Analysis of RNAseq data from pancreatic tumor cells grown in the TMES, xenografts, and static 2D cultures.