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. 2020 Sep 12;89:101932. doi: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2020.101932

Table 1.

Summary of responses to demand shocks.

Governance of airports: Price tendency
Rate of return regulation Increase as average cost increases
Price-cap regulation Cap is fixed and charges are not increased.
Light-handed regulation Scope to increase charges
Public airports: less formally regulated Scope for lower or constant unless full cost recovery is applied
Competitive airports Decrease or constant charges but with risk of failure
Non-competitive, but non-regulated airports Increase