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. 2019 Oct 14;71(6):1438–1446. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz1001

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Plasma levels of markers of epithelial gut damage and microbial translocation are elevated in antiretroviral therapy (ART)–naive and ART-treated cytomegalovirus (CMV)–seropositive people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). A, CMV-seropositive ART-naive and ART-treated PLWH as well as participants without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have higher plasma levels of intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) compared with their CMV-uninfected counterparts. B, CMV-seropositive ART-naive and ART-treated PLWH have higher plasma levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compared with their CMV-seronegative counterparts. C, CMV-seropositive ART-naive and ART-treated PLWH have higher plasma levels of (1→3)-β-d-glucan (BDG) compared with their CMV-seronegative counterparts. Horizontal lines represent first quartile, median, and third quartile, respectively. P values show Kruskal-Wallis tests with Dunn post hoc test between different groups. Light blue: ART-naive PLWH; dark blue: ART-treated PLWH; purple: participants without HIV infection.