Table 1.

Food hub goals, proposed and actual components implemented, and reach by study participants, Cleveland, OH, 2015–2018.

Domain of Nutritious Food Access	Proposed Food Hub Goalsa	Components of Food Hub Implementation		Reach of Food Hub Componentsc
		Proposeda	Actualb
Built Food Environment	1. Increase access to affordable, local, healthy food.	• Develop 42,000 square foot food hub space with year-round multi-vendor marketplace open 6 days per week • Open seasonal farmers’ market Ensure new food retail venues accept SNAP and WIC and offer healthy food incentives • Open healthy food café	• Multi-vendor marketplace – Not developed during timeframe	• N/A
			• 19 seasonal local produce market days (open Saturdays summer/fall) – market accepted SNAP and 2 fruit and vegetable food incentive programs	• Year 2: 17%, Year 3: 20% visited market at least once
			• Healthy food café (open year-round for 30 months; open 5–6 days per week)	• Year 2: 12%, Year 3: 14% went to café at least once
	2. Develop a healthy food distribution system to service small food retail outlets.	• Aggregate fresh and healthy foods in food hub to support affordable distribution to small food retail stores	• Not developed during timeframe.	• N/A
Social Food Environment	3. Implement strategies to promote healthy food education and consumption.	• Offer cooking classes and demonstrations	• 6 cooking classes	• Year 2: 12%, Year 3: 5%
			• 7 cooking demonstrations at seasonal local produce market	• No data available
	4. Promote community building.	• Develop community garden mentorship program and neighborhood cooking circles • Conduct community outreach to promote connectedness and networking	• 3 community garden mentorship events	• Year 2: 7%, Year 3: 5%
			• 6 cooking circles • 83 community outreach activities	• Year 2: 3%, Year 3: 1% • Year 2: 45%, Year 3: 27%
	5. Create sustainable food and beverage related employment and business opportunities.	• Create new jobs such as food hub manager, food-related entrepreneurs, café staff, general management • Create new business such as café, brewery, community supported agriculture, food hub vendors	• Jobs created: project manager, general manager, seasonal local produce market manager, café and brewery staff, community organizer, community ambassadors	• Year 2: 1%, Year 3: 1%
			• New businesses created/ maintained (openclose dates): Café (July 2015December 2017), Brewery (March 2016-present), Seasonal local produce market (June 2016-August 2017)	• N/A

^aFor overall 5-Year Project (September 2014-September 2019)

^bEfforts during Study 3-Year Study Timeframe (July 2015-June 2018)

^cReach of Food Hub Components by Study Participants in Intervention Neighborhood. Year 2 Data Collection (August 2016-June 2017); Year 3 Data Collection (August 2017-June 2018)