Table 3.
Estimates from growth curve models examining change in built and social food environment over three years (N = 329).
| Fixed Effects (SE) | Error Variance (SE) | Model Fit | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | INT | Time (Years) | INT × Time | Intercept | Level-1 | AIC | BIC | |
| Observed Healthy Food Availability | ||||||||
| Model 1a | 8.15 (0.10) | 1.56 (0.24) | 4.24 (0.23) | 4477 | 4485 | |||
| Model 2b | 7.57 (0.16) | 0.58 (0.08) | 1.67 (0.24) | 3.91 (0.22) | 4425 | 4433 | ||
| Model 3c | 7.54 (0.16) | 0.07 (0.19) | 0.58 (0.08) | 1.68 (0.25) | 3.90 (0.22) | 4427 | 4434 | |
| Model 4d | 7.91 (0.18) | −0.61 (0.24) | 0.21 (0.11) | 0.68 (0.15) | 1.72 (0.24) | 3.80 (0.21) | 4409 | 4417 |
| Perceptions of Healthy Food Availability | ||||||||
| Model 1a | 2.86 (0.04) | 0.38 (0.04) | 0.43 (0.02) | 2384 | 2392 | |||
| Model 2b | 2.77 (0.05) | 0.09 (0.03) | 0.39 (0.04) | 0.43 (0.02) | 2378 | 2385 | ||
| Model 3c | 2.93 (0.06) | −0.31 (0.08) | 0.09 (0.03) | 0.36 (0.04) | 0.43 (0.02) | 2366 | 2374 | |
| Model 4d | 2.89 (0.07) | −0.24 (0.09) | 0.13 (0.04) | −0.06 (0.05) | 0.36 (0.04) | 0.43 (0.02) | 2369 | 2376 |
| Social Support for Healthy Eating | ||||||||
| Model 1a | 2.42 (0.04) | 0.33 (0.03) | 0.30 (0.02) | 1975 | 1983 | |||
| Model 2b | 2.47 (0.04) | −0.06 (0.02) | 0.33 (0.03) | 0.29 (0.02) | 1974 | 1981 | ||
| Model 3c | 2.58 (0.06) | −0.20 (0.07) | −0.06 (0.02) | 0.32 (0.03) | 0.29 (0.02) | 1970 | 1978 | |
| Model 4d | 2.62 (0.06) | −0.25 (0.08) | −0.09 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.04) | 0.32 (0.03) | 0.29 (0.02) | 1973 | 1980 |
SE Standard Error, INT Intervention, OAHF Observed Availability of Healthy Foods
a
A Null model estimating the average score of a respective measure of the built and social food environment at time beginning of the study
b
A Model examining if a respective measure of the built and social food environment differs by study sites at baseline
c
A Model examining change over time in a respective measure of the of the built and social food environment
d
A Model examining if change over time in the respective measure of the built and social food environment differs by site
Boldface indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05)