Table 2.

Summary of pertinent cardiovascular and neurovascular pre-operative testing.

Pre-operative testing
Transthoracic echocardiography	Normal left ventricular size with low normal systolic function (LVEF 50–55%) and moderate left ventricular hypertrophy with stage 1 diastolic dysfunction. Left atrial enlargement. Aortic valve sclerosis without stenosis and mild aortic regurgitation. Normal pulmonary artery pressure. No intracardiac thrombi seen.
Cardiac rhythm monitoring	No complex arrhythmia, occasional supraventricular ectopic beats (2.1% burden)
Myocardial perfusion scan	No evidence of significant jeopardized viable myocardium or prior myocardial infarction. Mild global hypokinesis. LVEF 43%.
Carotid duplex ultrasonography	Mild stable plaque of bilateral carotid arteries with no significant right internal carotid artery stenosis (<50%)