Table 2.

(a) Results of the generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) on fixed factors affecting the number of visits on both vision and olfaction experiments. The dependent variable was the percentage of visits the bird did to the herbivore‐induced cylinder during the first two minutes of the experiment. The parameters were: FC = first choice (herbivore‐induced or control); species = great tit or blue tit; sex = male or female; age = adult or juvenile; side = position of the cylinder with the herbivore‐induced branch in the booth (right or left); date = running number of date; CDP = calming down place (cylinder with the herbivore‐induced branch, cylinder with the control branch or elsewhere); time = time of day (morning or afternoon). The identity of the branch pair was used as a random factor (vision experiment: estimate = 0.0024, SE = 0.0040: olfaction experiment: estimate = 0.0064, SE = 0.012). (b) Least square means estimates and standard errors (SE) of the analyzed independent variables. As the running number of date was a continuous variable, it cannot have the least square mean estimate

(a)	Vision experiment		Olfaction experiment
Parameter	Fdf	p	Fdf	p
FC	5.971,29	.021	8.151,18	.011
Species	0.041,29	.84	0.921,18	.35
Age	1.781,29	.19	1.021,18	.33
Sex	3.221,29	.08	0.081,18	.78
Date	0.0561,29	.46	1.221,18	.28
Side	0.061,29	.80	3.621,18	.073
CDP	1.232,29	.31	2.122,18	.15
Time	3.111,29	.09	0.681,18	.42

(b)	Vision experiment		Olfaction experiment
Parameter	Estimate	SE	Estimate	SE
FC
Induced	0.46	0.041	0.43	0.054
Control	0.35	0.049	0.19	0.078
Species
Great tit	0.40	0.049	0.28	0.063
Blue tit	0.41	0.041	0.35	0.063
Age
Adult	0.38	0.045	0.35	0.065
Juvenile	0.43	0.044	0.27	0.066
Sex
Female	0.44	0.045	0.30	0.066
Male	0.37	0.043	0.32	0.062
Side
Left	0.41	0.051	0.23	0.069
Right	0.40	0.044	0.39	0.066
CDP
Induced	0.46	0.053	0.39	0.074
Control	0.41	0.043	0.20	0.060
Elsewhere	0.35	0.058	0.34	0.095
Time
Morning	0.34	0.031	0.35	0.052
Afternoon	0.47	0.070	0.27	0.087

Statistically significant p‐values (<.05) are bolded.