TABLE 2.
Level, domain, and subdomain | Indicators |
---|---|
Proximal | |
Inadequate dietary intake domain | |
Breastfeeding | Duration of breastfeeding |
Micronutrient supplementation | Vitamin A supplementation, MNPs where applicable |
Dietary markers | Consumption of grains, legumes, dairy, flesh foods, eggs, vitamin A–rich fruits and vegetables, other fruits and vegetables, minimum dietary diversity1 |
Disease domain | |
Diarrhea and acute respiratory infection | Diarrhea and acute respiratory infection |
Intermediate | |
Household food insecurity domain | |
Food security | Altitude, daily intake of calories, total consumable crop yield |
Inadequate care and lack of health services domain | |
Maternal and newborn care | SBA, ANC4+ |
Health infrastructure | Health workers per 10k population; health facilities per 10k population |
Care seeking for childhood illness | ORT, care seeking for pneumonia |
Unhealthy household environment domain | |
Reduction in household crowding | Number of household members |
Water, sanitation, and hygiene | Open defecation, access to piped water source, improved water source, improved sanitation |
Distal | |
Income poverty domain | |
Education | Mother years of education, father years of education |
Economic empowerment | Asset index, poverty line |
Proximal | |
Intergenerational transfer domain | |
Fertility, early or old age pregnancy | Parity, interpregnancy interval, maternal age, adolescent birth, older mother birth |
Maternal nutritional status, intrauterine growth | Maternal height, maternal BMI, anemia, low birth weight |
These indicators were only available for 6–23 mo in DHS surveys. ANC4+, ≥4 antenatal care visits/services among pregnant women; DHS, demographic and health survey; MNP, micronutrient powders; ORT, oral rehydration therapy; SBA, skilled birth attendance.