Appendix 1.

Within-person change of psychological distress between the two waves

	Full sample	Age				Gender			Education			Occupation
		⩽25	26–45	⩾46	χ2 test	Male	Female	χ2 test	High school or below	⩾College	χ2 test	Government/public institution/SOE	Other	χ2 test
Anxiety
Lower	82.81	81.72	84.49	79.12	7.08	83.03	82.77	3.73	79.03	85.35	12.85***	85.83	81.77	4.39
Same	11.46	11.90	10.83	12.79		12.16	10.60		12.65	10.35		9.06	12.44
Stronger	5.73	6.38	4.68	8.08		4.81	6.63		7.62	4.29		5.12	5.79
Worry
Lower	84.86	83.79	85.95	83.16	5.27	84.73	85.54	1.79	82.92	86.29	4.39	87.01	85.25	1.69
Same	10.67	10.34	10.44	12.12		10.27	10.72		11.79	9.89		9.65	10.03
Stronger	4.47	5.86	3.61	4.71		5.00	3.73		5.28	3.82		3.35	4.73
Fear
Lower	90.22	87.76	92.00	88.89	12.77*	89.82	90.84	0.75	88.33	91.70	6.01*	90.55	89.87	2.59
Same	6.99	8.79	6.15	6.40		7.35	6.51		8.23	5.97		7.48	6.75
Stronger	2.79	3.45	1.85	4.71		2.83	2.65		3.44	2.33		1.97	3.38

*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.