Table 1.
Deaths and age-standardised death rates attributable to air pollution in China in 2017
|
Air pollution |
Ambient particulate matter pollution |
Household air pollution from solid fuels |
Ambient ozone pollution |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deaths (thousands) | Age-standardised death rate per 100 000 | Deaths (thousands) | Age-standardised death rate per 100 000 | Deaths (thousands) | Age-standardised death rate per 100 000 | Deaths (thousands) | Age-standardised death rate per 100 000 | |
| All causes | 1243·0 (1081·8–1395·4) | 72·7 (63·2–81·5) | 851·7 (712·0–990·3) | 49·4 (41·2–57·5) | 271·1 (209·9–346·6) | 15·8 (12·2–20·2) | 178·2 (67·7–286·2) | 11·1 (4·2–17·8) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 429·5 (311·0–541·8) | 26·8 (19·4–33·8) | 227·8 (149·4–299·5) | 14·2 (9·3–18·7) | 81·4 (51·4–114·7) | 5·0 (3·2–7·1) | 178·2 (67·7–286·2) | 11·1 (4·2–17·8) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 32·6 (21·5–37·8) | 1·8 (1·2–2·1) | 25·0 (16·6–29·7) | 1·4 (0·9–1·6) | 7·6 (4·9–9·8) | 0·4 (0·3–0·5) | .. | .. |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 292·2 (258·0–329·9) | 16·6 (14·7–18·8) | 223·7 (189·2–257·7) | 12·7 (10·7–14·7) | 68·5 (53·3–88·6) | 3·9 (3·0–5·0) | .. | .. |
| Lower respiratory infections | 63·2 (49·1–82·2) | 4·6 (3·6–5·9) | 46·7 (35·2–63·3) | 3·4 (2·5–4·5) | 16·6 (12·4–22·3) | 1·2 (0·9–1·6) | .. | .. |
| Stroke | 246·2 (196·6–295·9) | 13·5 (10·7–16·2) | 186·9 (142·9–229·5) | 10·2 (7·8–12·5) | 59·2 (43·1–79·5) | 3·2 (2·4–4·3) | .. | .. |
| Lung cancer | 179·3 (131·6–224·6) | 9·4 (6·9–11·8) | 141·5 (102·4–181·3) | 7·4 (5·4–9·5) | 37·8 (25·5–51·6) | 2·0 (1·3–2·7) | .. | .. |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 727·2 (633·7–820·0) | 90·4 (78·4–101·9) | 524·8 (440·8–609·8) | 64·6 (53·9–75·2) | 133·0 (95·7–177·9) | 16·2 (11·8–21·6) | 101·9 (38·5–163·5) | 14·1 (5·3–22·6) |
| Female | 515·8 (447·9–590·8) | 57·1 (49·3–65·5) | 326·8 (268·5–385·5) | 36·1 (29·6–42·5) | 138·1 (107·9–174·8) | 15·2 (11·8–19·2) | 76·3 (28·5–127·1) | 8·7 (3·3–14·5) |
| Age | ||||||||
| Children (aged <5 years) | 7·6 (5·9–9·4) | 9·5 (7·3–11·7) | 5·2 (3·8–6·7) | 6·4 (4·7–8·3) | 2·5 (1·8–3·2) | 3·1 (2·2–4·0) | 0·0 (0·0–0·0) | 0·0 (0·0–0·0) |
| Older people (aged >70 years) | 805·0 (686·1–918·8) | 817·3 (696·6–932·9) | 533·6 (433·8–628·8) | 541·8 (440·4–638·4) | 172·6 (132·1–222·1) | 175·3 (134·2–225·5) | 146·3 (55·9–234·7) | 148·6 (56·7–238·3) |
Data in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals.