Table 3.
Whole-Night Polysomnography Data, Presented as Mean and SE
| Variable category | Variable | Participants in analysis (n) | Control | WTN-night | Night × group p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | WTN-night | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | |||
| Sleep times | TIB (min) | 48 | 48 | 479.8 | 0.16 | 478.2 | 1.77 | 0.354 |
| TST (min) | 48 | 48 | 415.6 | 5.51 | 402.9 | 8.55 | 0.543 | |
| Sleep period time (min) | 48 | 48 | 448.0 | 4.03 | 438.6 | 5.25 | 0.179 | |
| Sleep efficiency (%) | 48 | 48 | 86.6 | 1.15 | 84.2 | 1.74 | 0.483 | |
| Sleep onset latency (min) | 42† | 43‡ | 21.3 | 3.48 | 25.3 | 3.68 | 0.165 | |
| REM latency (min)* | 42† | 43‡ | 79.1 | 7.51 | 94.6 | 8.13 | 0.594 | |
| N3 latency (min) | 42† | 43‡ | 31.0 | 4.52 | 34.8 | 6.00 | 0.136 | |
| WASO (min) | 48 | 48 | 45.2 | 5.28 | 52.3 | 7.51 | 0.500 | |
| Sleep architecture | N1 (min) | 48 | 48 | 61.1 | 3.08 | 59.4 | 3.25 | 0.392 |
| N2 (min) | 48 | 48 | 187.1 | 5.33 | 186.7 | 6.27 | 0.082 | |
| N3 (min) | 48 | 48 | 81.9 | 3.20 | 81.2 | 3.73 | 0.062 | |
| REM (min)* | 48 | 48 | 85.6 | 3.57 | 75.5 | 3.23 | 0.607 | |
| NREM (min) | 48 | 48 | 330.1 | 5.43 | 327.4 | 7.44 | 0.232 | |
| N1 (% of TST) | 48 | 48 | 14.9 | 0.83 | 15.1 | 0.85 | 0.476 | |
| N2 (% of TST) | 48 | 48 | 44.8 | 1.01 | 46.0 | 1.01 | 0.083 | |
| N3 (% of TST) | 48 | 48 | 19.7 | 0.73 | 20.1 | 0.96 | 0.034 | |
| REM (% of TST)* | 48 | 48 | 20.6 | 0.81 | 18.8 | 0.76 | 0.354 | |
| NREM (% of TST)* | 48 | 48 | 79.4 | 0.81 | 81.2 | 0.76 | 0.354 | |
| Sleep fragmentation | Arousals (n) | 48 | 48 | 86.2 | 5.70 | 82.4 | 6.37 | 0.283 |
| Arousal index (n/h) | 48 | 48 | 12.5 | 0.85 | 12.3 | 0.91 | 0.268 | |
| Awakenings (n) | 48 | 48 | 11.4 | 1.08 | 11.5 | 1.16 | 0.207 | |
| Awakening index (n/h) | 48 | 48 | 1.7 | 0.16 | 1.7 | 0.18 | 0.288 | |
| Combined arousals + awakenings (n) | 48 | 48 | 97.5 | 6.05 | 93.9 | 6.47 | 0.230 | |
| Sleep fragmentation index (n/h) | 48 | 48 | 14.2 | 0.92 | 14.1 | 0.93 | 0.230 | |
| SSCs (n) | 48 | 48 | 146.5 | 6.12 | 143.5 | 5.70 | 0.079 | |
| SSC index (n/h) | 48 | 48 | 21.4 | 0.99 | 21.8 | 0.90 | 0.196 | |
| Sleep continuity | First awakening (min) | 48 | 48 | 21.6 | 2.37 | 15.2 | 4.01 | 0.540 |
| Final awakening (min) | 48 | 48 | 466.6 | 4.59 | 461.2 | 3.65 | 0.595 | |
| Max uninterrupted time in W (min) | 48 | 48 | 29.1 | 3.62 | 31.8 | 3.99 | 0.435 | |
| Max uninterrupted time in REM (min) | 48 | 48 | 16.2 | 1.35 | 14.0 | 0.95 | 0.590 | |
| Max uninterrupted time in N1 (min) | 48 | 48 | 4.9 | 0.24 | 4.5 | 0.26 | 0.839 | |
| Max uninterrupted time in N2 (min) | 48 | 48 | 23.4 | 0.95 | 24.0 | 1.25 | 0.419 | |
| Max uninterrupted time in N3 (min) | 48 | 48 | 28.0 | 1.61 | 28.0 | 1.86 | 0.974 |
Statistically significant (p < 0.05) effects of study night are indicated with * and bold typeface.
†Six participant nights (five in Exposed group, one in Reference group) excluded due to participants already sleeping at 23:00.
‡Five participant nights (four in Exposed group, one in Reference group) excluded due to participants already sleeping at 23:00.