Table 6.
Best-Fit Adjusted Regression Models for Self-Reported Sleep Outcomes
| Variable | Participants in analysis (n) | Study night (WTN exposure)† | Study group‡ | Sex♠ | Sensitivity♣ | Sleep difficulties at home♦ | Tiredness at home♥ | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | WTN- night | β | p | 95% CI | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | |
| Sleep quality (0–10)* | 50 | 50 | 2.25 | <0.001 | 1.17–3.33 | 1.60 | <0.01 | 0.81 | n.s. | — | — | 0.94 | n.s. | −0.14 | n.s. |
| Sleep quality (5-point semantic)* | 50 | 50 | 2.04 | <0.001 | 0.97–3.10 | 1.72 | <0.001 | 0.76 | n.s. | 0.31 | n.s. | 1.89 | <0.001 | — | — |
| Tired–Rested (0–10)* | 50 | 50 | 1.13 | <0.01 | 0.28–1.98 | 1.45 | <0.01 | — | — | — | — | 1.26 | <0.05 | — | — |
| Tense–Relaxed (0–10)* | 50 | 50 | 0.68 | n.s. | −0.11–1.48 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Irritated–Happy (0–10)* | 50 | 50 | 1.49 | <0.01 | 0.54–2.43 | — | — | — | — | 0.17 | n.s. | 1.29 | <0.05 | 1.33 | <0.05 |
| Hard to sleep following awakenings? (no/yes) | 47 | 47 | 1.34 | <0.05 | 0.09–2.59 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.54 | n.s. | — | — |
| Easy–Difficult to sleep (0–10) | 50 | 50 | 0.89 | <0.05 | 0.13–1.65 | 0.76 | n.s. | — | — | — | — | 1.26 | <0.01 | — | — |
| Slept better–Worse than usual (0–10) | 50 | 49 | 1.84 | <0.001 | 0.84–2.83 | 1.65 | <0.01 | — | — | — | — | −0.56 | n.s. | ||
| Deep–Light sleep (0–10) | 49 | 50 | 0.72 | n.s. | −0.9–1.52 | — | — | 0.84 | <0.05 | 0.79 | n.s. | 1.41 | <0.001 | — | — |
| Never woke–woke a lot (0–10) | 50 | 50 | 1.18 | <0.01 | 0.37–2.00 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.56 | <0.001 | — | — |
| Sleep disturbance by WTN (0–10) | 50 | 50 | 3.57 | <0.001 | 2.43–4.72 | 2.11 | <0.001 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| WTN impaired sleep quality (5-point semantic) | 49 | 50 | 5.49 | <0.001 | 3.11–7.88 | 4.12 | <0.001 | 1.24 | n.s. | — | — | 2.05 | <0.05 | −0.93 | n.s. |
| WTN caused awakenings (5-point semantic) | 49 | 50 | 4.15 | <0.001 | 2.37–5.95 | 2.52 | <0.001 | 0.94 | n.s. | — | — | 1.19 | n.s. | −0.81 | n.s. |
| WTN making it hard to fall back asleep (5-point semantic) | 49 | 49 | 3.94 | <0.001 | 2.32–5.56 | 2.08 | <0.01 | 1.45 | <0.05 | — | — | 1.11 | n.s. | — | — |
| WTN cause tiredness in morning (5-point semantic) | 49 | 49 | 3.03 | <0.001 | 1.70–4.36 | 2.16 | <0.001 | 0.88 | n.s. | 1.18 | <0.05 | 1.32 | <0.05 | −0.64 | n.s. |
| Mood: Pleasantness (1–4)* ♪ | 49 | 47 | 1.00 | <0.05 | 0.08–1.92 | 0.66 | n.s. | — | — | 1.71 | <0.01 | — | — | 0.99 | n.s. |
| Mood: Social orientation (1–4)* ♫ | 49 | 47 | 0.98 | n.s. | −0.08–2.01 | 1.51 | n.s. | — | — | 2.2 | <0.01 | — | — | — | — |
β, regression beta coefficient; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; n.s., not statistically significant.
Empty cells indicate the measure was both nonsignificant and did not contribute to the final model and was hence omitted from the model.
*Response scale inverted for analysis.
♪Converted from continuous data to categories with the following cutoff points: <2.8; ≥2.8 and <3.5; ≥3.5.
♫Converted from continuous data to categories with the following cutoff points: <3.0; ≥3.0 and <4.0; ≥4.0.
Reference categories as follows: †, WTN-free Control night; ‡, Reference group; ♠, Women; ♣, Low sensitivity to noise; ♦, No sleep difficulties; ♥, No excessive tiredness.