Figure 8.

Individual and average excitatory effects on tongue muscle activity in response to microperfusion of taltirelin into the hypoglossal motoneuron pool across sleep–wake states in protocol 2a. Box (25th and 75th percentiles) and whisker (10th and 90th percentiles) plots show the individual and group (including median) tongue muscle activities recorded over 1.5 hours during microperfusion of ACSF, 1, and 10 μM taltirelin into the hypoglossal motor pool. Data from each animal are superimposed on this plot and represented by a different symbol. Occasionally, an animal may not exhibit a particular state during the recording period with a particular concentration of taltirelin such that a symbol may not be connected with a line (e.g. the rat represented by the symbol ∇ exhibited periods of quiet wakefulness during microperfusion of ACSF into the hypoglossal motoneuron pool but this same state did not occur during the periods with microperfusion of 1 and 10 μM taltirelin). The symbol * indicates p < 0.05 for 1 and/or 10 μM taltirelin versus the baseline ACSF controls (i.e. [taltirelin] of 0 μM). The symbol # indicates p < 0.05 for 10 μM taltirelin versus 1 μM; AU, arbitrary units. See text for further details.