Table 2.
Outcomes for women in caseload midwifery care and regular midwifery care
| All women | p-value Chi square | Nulliparous women | Multiparous women | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caseload practices | Matched cohort | Caseload practices | Matched cohort | Caseload practices | Matched cohort | ||||||||
| n = 657 | n = 1954 | n = 319 | n = 940 | n = 338 | n = 1014 | ||||||||
| Referrals | < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| no referral | 347 | 53.1% | 666 | 34.3% | 128 | 40.3% | 222 | 23.8% | 219 | 65.2% | 444 | 44.2% | |
| antenatal | 158 | 24.2% | 725 | 37.4% | 77 | 24.2% | 328 | 35.1% | 81 | 24.1% | 397 | 39.5% | |
| intrapartum | 149 | 22.8% | 548 | 28.3% | 113 | 35.5% | 384 | 41.1% | 36 | 10.7% | 164 | 16.3% | |
| (missing: 18) | |||||||||||||
| Mode of birth | 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| spontaneous vaginal | 552 | 84.0% | 1492 | 77.0% | 240 | 75.2% | 636 | 68.3% | 312 | 92.3% | 856 | 85.0% | |
| vaginal instrumental | 43 | 6.5% | 170 | 8.8% | 36 | 11.3% | 146 | 15.7% | 7 | 2.1% | 24 | 2.4% | |
| caesarean section | 62 | 9.4% | 276 | 14.2% | 43 | 13.5% | 149 | 16.0% | 19 | 5.6% | 127 | 12.6% | |
| (missing: 16) | |||||||||||||
| Start of labour | < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Spontaneous | 550 | 83.7% | 1431 | 73.2% | 263 | 82.4% | 709 | 75.4% | 287 | 84.90% | 722 | 71.2% | |
| Induction | 87 | 13.2% | 410 | 21.0% | 47 | 14.8% | 187 | 19.9% | 40 | 11.8% | 223 | 22.0% | |
| amniotomy only | 19 | 2.9% | 78 | 4.0% | 6 | 1.9% | 27 | 2.9% | 13 | 3.80% | 51 | 5.0% | |
| hormonal/foley/oxytocin | 68 | 10.4% | 332 | 17.0% | 41 | 12.9% | 160 | 17.0% | 27 | 8.00% | 172 | 17.0% | |
| Caesarean section | 20 | 3.0% | 113 | 5.8% | 9 | 2.8% | 44 | 4.7% | 11 | 3.30% | 69 | 6.8% | |
| Actual place of birth | < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| home | 259 | 39.4% | 314 | 16.1% | 92 | 28.8% | 95 | 10.1% | 167 | 49.4% | 219 | 21.6% | |
| birthcentre | 14 | 2.1% | 31 | 1.6% | 6 | 1.9% | 12 | 1.3% | 8 | 2.4% | 19 | 1.9% | |
| hospital (primary care) | 72 | 11.0% | 318 | 16.3% | 28 | 8.8% | 113 | 12.0% | 44 | 13.0% | 205 | 20.2% | |
| hospital (secondary care) | 312 | 47.5% | 1291 | 66.1% | 193 | 60.5% | 720 | 76.6% | 119 | 35.2% | 571 | 56.3% | |
| Maternal outcomes | |||||||||||||
| PPH > 1000 ml | 33 | 5.0% | 135 | 6.9% | 0.088 | 22 | 6.9% | 78 | 8.3% | 11 | 3.3% | 57 | 5.6% |
| intact perineum (vaginal births) | 246 | 41.3% | 468 | 28.2% | < 0.001 | 85 | 30.8% | 164 | 21.0% | 161 | 50.5% | 304 | 34.5% |
| Episiotomy (vaginal births) | 95 | 16.0% | 438 | 26.4% | < 0.001 | 74 | 26.8% | 336 | 43.0% | 21 | 6.6% | 102 | 11.6% |
| 3rd/4th perineal tear (vaginal births) | 14 | 2.4% | 47 | 2.8% | 0.687 | 12 | 4.3% | 35 | 4.5% | 2 | 0.6% | 12 | 1.4% |
| Perinatal outcomes | |||||||||||||
| Perinatal mortality | 1 | 0.2% | 7 | 0.4% | 0.408 | 1 | 0.3% | 5 | 0.5% | 0 | – | 2 | 0.2% |
| Apgar 5 min < 7 | 8 | 1.2% | 35 | 1.8% | 0.318 | 6 | 1.9% | 21 | 2.2% | 2 | 0.6% | 14 | 1.4% |