Fig. 4.

Caspase-1 inhibition reduced adhesion and transmigration of PBMCs across the in vitro BBB. VX-765 was added at concentration of 50 μM, simultaneously to treatment with PX (600 μM, 24 h). a VX-765 reduced the adhesion of PBMCs to BLECs monolayers. N = 10 from two independent experiments. b VX-765 reduced the transmigration of PBMCs through the in vitro BBB model. N = 8-11 from three independent experiments. c Representative images from immunofluorescence staining of ICAM-1 and E-selectin in BLECs monolayer. Arrows point to the increased E-selectin expression at the cell-cell junctions. Scale bar = 100 μm. d-e Quantification of ICAM-1 and E-selectin expression levels after treatment with PX ± VX-765. N = 6-8 from two independent experiments. Data presented as means normalized to control ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 vs. control, #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, and ###p < 0.001 vs. PX