Table 3.

Multivariable regression analyses for primary outcomes

Outcome	Adjusted OR/β-coefficient (95% CI)	p value
Hyperglycemiaa
Diluent group (saline)	1.08 (0.77–1.5)	0.671
Blood glucose at ICU admission, mg/dL	1.01 (1.01–1.02)	< 0.001
Age, year	1.01 (1.0–1.02)	0.097
Weight, kg	1.0 (0.99–1.01)	0.926
APACHE III score	1.02 (1.01–1.03)	< 0.001
Time from hospitalization to ICU, days	1.01 (0.99–1.02)	0.339
Patient category
Planned surgical	Reference
Nonplanned surgical	0.73 (0.48–1.13)	0.158
Medical from ward	1.11 (0.65–1.91)	0.700
Medical from ED	0.87 (0.54–1.42)	0.582
Hypernatremiab
Diluent group (Saline)	2.43 (1.54–3.82)	< 0.001
Sodium at ICU admission, mmol/L	1.18 (1.11–1.26)	< 0.001
Age, year	1.01 (0.99–1.02)	0.373
Weight, kg	1.0 (0.98–1.02)	0.997
APACHE III score	1.02 (1.01–1.03)	< 0.001
Time from hospitalization to ICU, days	1.01 (1.0–1.02)	0.070
Patient category
Planned surgical	Reference
Nonplanned surgical	1.74 (0.97–3.12)	0.061
Medical from ward	2.53 (1.33–4.82)	0.005
Medical from ED	1.70 (0.89–3.27)	0.109

APACHE III Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III, ED emergency department, ICU intensive care unit, OR odds ratio

^aPatients with baseline blood glucose ≥ 180 mg/dL were excluded (189 patients)

^bPatients with baseline sodium ≥ 145 mmol/L were excluded (109 patients)