Table 1.

Demographic characteristics and clinical data of patients with prolonged DOC

Characteristics/Variables	n	%	Mean ± SD	Median (range)
Sex
Male	97	70.8
Female	40	29.2
Etiology
TBI	69	50.4
CVA	61	44.5
ABI	7	5.1
Age (years)	137		51.88 ± 13.93	52 (19–84)
16–44	37		34.41 ± 6.9	35 (19–44)
45–59	57		51.3 ± 4.44	51 (45–59)
≥ 60	43		67.7 ± 5.95	66 (60–84)
Time post-onset (m)
Whole sample	137		5.58 ± 4.32	4 (1–22)
Non-permanent	93	67.9	3.92 ± 2.45	3 (1–11.5)
Permanent	44	32.1	9.1 ± 5.23	7 (4–22)
CRS-R scores
Single assessment	137		7.93 ± 4.3	7 (2–24)
Repeated assessment	137		8.87 ± 4.32	8 (2–24)

SD Standard deviation, DOC Disorders of consciousness, TBI Traumatic brain injury, CVA Cerebrovascular accident, ABI Anoxic brain injury, CRS-R Coma Recovery Scale-Revised, n numbers, m months

Permanent = three months after postinjury (non-traumatic), 12 months after postinjury (traumatic)