Table 1.
2018 English prices, price ratios, units and projected excess spending for 50 single-source brand-name drugs with highest expenditure in English primary care, by drug class.
| Chemical name | English brand | English price per unita | US/England price ratio | Total English units | Projected excess English spending |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-insulin diabetes medications | |||||
| Sitagliptin | Januvia | £1.10 | 5.41 | 77,713,778 | £378,304,246 |
| Linagliptin | Tradjenta | £1.10 | 5.20 | 49,610,622 | £230,169,153 |
| Liraglutide | Victoza | £12.14 | 3.22 | 4,132,875 | £111,561,660 |
| Dapagliflozin | Forxiga | £1.21 | 5.33 | 31,568,727 | £165,842,831 |
| Empagliflozin | Jardiance | £1.21 | 5.33 | 26,736,487 | £140,592,792 |
| Dulaglutide | Trulicity | £33.99 | 4.49 | 774,878 | £91,951,105 |
| Canagliflozin | Invokana | £1.21 | 5.34 | 13,902,668 | £73,222,919 |
| Exenatide | Bydureon | £17.02 | 4.09 | 404,775 | £21,272,300 |
| Byetta | £75.99 | 1.84 | 78,923 | £5,026,366 | |
| Saxagliptin | Onglyza | £1.05 | 5.46 | 7,563,043 | £35,327,771 |
| Metformin/Sitagliptin | Janumet | £0.55 | 5.41 | 10,527,022 | £25,583,849 |
| Lixisenatide | Lyxumia | £9.06 | 4.61 | 400,302 | £13,111,153 |
| Insulin diabetes medications | |||||
| Insulin Aspart | Novorapid | £1.65 | 7.26 | 23,464,039 | £242,297,540 |
| Novorapid FlexPen | £1.89 | 8.07 | 18,921,792 | £253,427,287 | |
| Fiasp | £1.49 | 7.96 | 444,870 | £4,596,805 | |
| Fiasp Flextouch | £1.89 | 8.17 | 314,727 | £4,274,321 | |
| Biphasic Insulin Aspart | Novomix | £1.78 | 6.92 | 4,883,934 | £51,518,950 |
| Novomix Pen | £1.85 | 8.24 | 17,463,927 | £233,781,759 | |
| Insulin Detemir | Levemir | £2.60 | 4.71 | 5,050,293 | £48,677,449 |
| Levemir Flexpen | £2.60 | 4.65 | 8,803,017 | £83,500,611 | |
| Biphasic Isophane Insulin | Humulin M3 | £1.46 | 3.82 | 608,429 | £2,504,057 |
| Humulin M3 Kwikpen | £1.34 | 8.47 | 12,147,819 | £121,916,865 | |
| Biphasic Insulin Lispro | Humalog Mix 50-50 | £1.82 | 6.68 | 928,533 | £9,604,983 |
| Humalog Mix 50-50 Kwikpen | £1.92 | 7.76 | 3,976,020 | £51,553,617 | |
| Humalog Mix 75-25 | £1.81 | 6.69 | 1,968,668 | £20,321,126 | |
| Humalog Mix 75-25 Kwikpen | £1.92 | 7.78 | 3,138,399 | £40,773,141 | |
| Isophane Insulin | Humulin I | £1.23 | 2.79 | 1,675,767 | £3,681,413 |
| Humulin I Kwikpen | £1.34 | 5.91 | 6,450,834 | £42,517,405 | |
| Insulin Degludec | Ins Tresiba Flextouch 100 | £2.88 | 4.62 | 2,723,541 | £28,461,202 |
| Ins Tresiba Flextouch 200 | £5.77 | 4.62 | 654,240 | £13,651,748 | |
| Anticoagulants | |||||
| Apixaban | Eliquis | £0.88 | 3.32 | 234,467,170 | £479,900,666 |
| Rivaroxaban | Xarelto | £1.67 | 3.51 | 107,997,262 | £451,770,836 |
| Ticagrelor | Brilique | £0.91 | 2.73 | 30,740,826 | £48,163,902 |
| Dabigatran | Pradaxa | £0.79 | 3.19 | 28,378,318 | £48,983,106 |
| Edoxaban | Lixiana | £1.62 | 2.89 | 9,440,827 | £28,965,142 |
| Dalteparin | Fragmin | £12.60 | 5.58 | 1,026,157 | £59,171,991 |
| Inhalersb | |||||
| Umeclidinium | Incruse Ellipta | £0.85 | 5.39 | 22,626,750 | £84,593,928 |
| Aclidinium | Eklira Genuair | £0.44 | 4.99 | 24,455,640 | £43,194,014 |
| Indacaterol/Glycopyrronium | Ultibro Breezhaler | £1.01 | 2.57 | 7,714,960 | £12,214,382 |
| Tiotropium/Olodaterol | Stiolto Respimat | £1.01 | 1.28 | 5,185,620 | £1,454,309 |
| Umeclidinium/Vilanterol | Anoro Ellipta | £1.01 | 2.79 | 16,452,750 | £29,618,557 |
| Dopamine agonists | |||||
| Rotigotine | Neupro | £4.01 | 2.27 | 3,896,350 | £19,881,028 |
| Apomorphine | APO-Go | £15.04 | 9.86 | 390,689 | £52,080,700 |
| Antimuscarinic agents | |||||
| Solifenacin | Vesicare | £0.95 | 5.19 | 72,412,257 | £289,470,650 |
| Fesoterodine | Toviaz | £0.86 | 5.12 | 7,140,566 | £25,196,294 |
| GnRH analogues | |||||
| Leuprorelin | Prostap | £176.83 | 8.37 | 205,526 | £267,918,916 |
| Goserelin | Zoladex | £154.83 | 3.61 | 230,292 | £92,890,813 |
| Triptorelin | Salvacyl/Decapetyl | £383.60 | 2.49 | 10,105 | £5,761,386 |
| Other agents | |||||
| Perampanel | Fycompa | £4.63 | 2.12 | 1,209,900 | £6,251,204 |
| Mirabegron | Betmiga | £0.90 | 5.51 | 34,140,270 | £138,457,770 |
| Ranolazine | Ranexa | £0.76 | 3.83 | 19,353,014 | £41,489,531 |
| Varenicline | Champix | £1.23 | 2.52 | 8,645,567 | £16,269,936 |
| Testosterone Undecanoate | Nebido | £19.90 | 7.73 | 534,223 | £71,486,760 |
| Denosumab | Xgeva | £292.69 | 1.93 | 5,518 | £1,495,492 |
| Prolia | £172.65 | 2.86 | 52,121 | £16,754,548 | |
| Etonogestrel | Nexplanon | £77.42 | 5.01 | 135,909 | £42,214,802 |
| Rifaximin | Xifaxanta/ Targaxan | £4.19 | 3.65 | 2,276,583 | £25,318,030 |
| Sacubitril/Valsartan | Entresto | £1.52 | 2.14 | 6,073,553 | £10,512,181 |
| Cinacalcet | Mimpara | £5.06 | 2.93 | 1,566,095 | £15,333,076 |
| Lisdexamfetamine | Elvanse | £2.21 | 1.90 | 3,067,187 | £6,128,717 |
| Tapentadol | Palexia | £0.70 | 4.22 | 9,342,781 | £21,111,001 |
| Dornase Alfa | Pulmozyme | £6.16 | 3.21 | 905,678 | £12,317,192 |
| Lanreotide | Somatuline Autogel | £1,399.28 | 5.02 | 3,044 | £17,098,880 |
aQuantity refers to the total amount of medicine prescribed by unit. Units normally refer to the number of tablets, capsules, ampoules or vials for each medicine. For liquids, units refer to the number of milliliters. For solids (e.g. creams), units refer to the numbers of grams.
bPrice per unit has been standardised to price per dose for inhalers.