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. 2020 Aug 31;11:1032. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01032

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Copyright © 2020 Dreiner, Willwacher, Kramer, Kümmel, Frett, Zaucke, Liphardt, Gruber and Niehoff.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Experimental design. Red ovals denote the blood sampling time points once every 30 min. Before and after the impact loading the participants were in supine position. The impact loading changed on each experimental day. The four modes of impact loading are illustrated beneath the timeline (from left to right): jumping inside the short-arm-centrifuge (AGJ), jumping inside the sledge jump system (SJS), jumping without device (EGJ), and running on a treadmill (RUN).