Table 1.
Unadjusted Means or Percentages for the Covariates and 36-Item Health Survey Physical and Mental Component T Scores for the 300 Participants With Complete Baseline and 1-Year Follow-Up Data by Treatment Group and Living Arrangement
| Visual speed of processing treatment | Crossword puzzles attention control | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure | Assisted living, N = 64 | Independent living, N = 84 | Total, N = 148 | Assisted living, N = 63 | Independent living, N = 89 | Total, N = 152 | Two-group p valuea | Four-group p valueb |
| Baseline covariates | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 81.2 | 79.7 | 80.3 | 82.4 | 80.1 | 81.0 | .501 | .268 |
| Percent male | 35.9 | 17.9 | 25.7 | 34.9 | 25.8 | 29.6 | .449 | .045 |
| Education level (1–8)c | 5.4 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 6.0 | .185 | .036 |
| Comorbidity count (0–17) | 5.8 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.9 | .261 | .059 |
| UFOV composite (ms)d | 596.8 | 455.2 | 516.8 | 664.2 | 421.5 | 521.2 | .901 | .001 |
| Depressione | 5.4 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 3.9 | .511 | .005 |
| Anxietyf | 3.5 | 2.0 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | .121 | .015 |
| Social supportg | 13.4 | 14.9 | 14.1 | 13.1 | 14.4 | 14.3 | .466 | .045 |
| Baseline health-related quality of lifeh | ||||||||
| Physical component T scores | 45.5 | 51.3 | 48.8 | 49.3 | 52.5 | 51.2 | .042 | .001 |
| Mental component T scores | 49.0 | 51.8 | 50.6 | 50.1 | 48.9 | 49.4 | .319 | .216 |
| 1-year health-related quality of lifeh | ||||||||
| Physical component T scores | 44.8 | 49.9 | 47.7 | 48.4 | 49.6 | 49.1 | .234 | .011 |
| Mental component T scores | 46.2 | 52.1 | 49.6 | 49.8 | 49.6 | 49.0 | .659 | .013 |
Notes: UFOV = Useful Field of View.
aCombined visual speed of processing training vs combined crossword puzzles attention control groups. bVisual speed of processing training in assisted living vs visual speed of processing training in independent living vs crossword puzzles attention control groups in assisted living vs crossword puzzles attention control groups in independent living. cEducational level was coded 1 = none, 2 = grades 1–8, 3 = grades 9–11, 4 = high school or general education development completion, 5 = vocational or trade school, 6 = some college, 7 = college graduate, and 8 = graduate training. dUFOV composite scores range from 51 to 1,500 ms. eDepression scores range from no depression (0) to maximal depression (27). fAnxiety scores range from no anxiety (0) to maximal anxiety (21). gSocial support scores range from no support (0) to maximal support (20). hPhysical component T scores and mental component T scores range from 0 to 100 with a mean of 50 and a SD of 10.