Table 2.
Associations between picky eating during childhood and young adult usual daily dietary intake; Project EAT-III (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults), Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN, USA, 2008–2009
| ‘I was a picky eater growing up’ | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strongly disagree | Somewhat disagree | Somewhat agree | Strongly agree | ||||||||
| Adjusted mean | se | Adjusted mean | se | Adjusted mean | se | Adjusted mean | se | Linear trend | se | P value | |
| Foods | |||||||||||
| Fruit, excluding juice (servings)* | 1·61 | 0·08 | 1·43 | 0·09 | 1·39 | 0·09 | 1·27 | 0·09 | −0·11 | 0·03 | <0·001 |
| Vegetables, excluding French fries (servings)* | 3·65 | 0·12 | 3·41 | 0·12 | 3·15 | 0·13 | 2·83 | 0·13 | −0·27 | 0·04 | <0·001 |
| Dark green and orange vegetables (servings)* | 1·00 | 0·04 | 0·95 | 0·05 | 0·89 | 0·05 | 0·72 | 0·05 | −0·09 | 0·01 | <0·001 |
| Whole grains (servings)* | 1·80 | 0·09 | 1·84 | 0·10 | 1·67 | 0·10 | 1·56 | 0·10 | −0·08 | 0·03 | 0·004 |
| Snack foods (servings)* | 1·63 | 0·07 | 1·82 | 0·08 | 1·85 | 0·08 | 1·97 | 0·08 | 0·11 | 0·02 | <0·001 |
| Sugar-sweetened beverages (servings)* | 0·60 | 0·08 | 0·77 | 0·08 | 0·79 | 0·08 | 0·95 | 0·08 | 0·11 | 0·02 | <0·001 |
| Fast-food consumption frequency (times/month)† | 13·6 | 0·8 | 14·4 | 0·9 | 16·6 | 0·9 | 16·7 | 0·9 | 1·15 | 0·26 | <0·001 |
| Nutrients | |||||||||||
| Saturated fat (g)* | 23·7 | 0·4 | 23·6 | 0·4 | 23·4 | 0·4 | 23·4 | 0·5 | −0·09 | 0·13 | 0·51 |
| Total fat (g)* | 70·5 | 0·9 | 70·8 | 1·0 | 69·8 | 1·0 | 68·9 | 1·1 | −0·56 | 0·30 | 0·06 |
| Carbohydrates (g)* | 271 | 3 | 273 | 3 | 275 | 3 | 279 | 3 | 2·75 | 0·97 | 0·005 |
| Ca (mg)* | 1170 | 30 | 1090 | 40 | 1140 | 40 | 1080 | 40 | −22·3 | 10·4 | 0·03 |
| Ca without supplements (mg)* | 1020 | 27 | 956 | 29 | 978 | 30 | 955 | 30 | −17·3 | 8·6 | 0·05 |
| Fe without supplements (mg)* | 15·1 | 0·3 | 15·2 | 0·3 | 14·9 | 0·3 | 14·8 | 0·3 | −0·12 | 0·10 | 0·20 |
| Total energy (kcal; 1 kcal = 4·184 kJ)† | 2240 | 60 | 2220 | 60 | 2220 | 60 | 2260 | 60 | 3·33 | 17·64 | 0·85 |
SES, socio-economic status.
*
Models adjusted for daily energy intake, age, sex, ethnicity/race and SES during adolescence.
†
Models adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity/race and SES during adolescence.