Table 2.
Regression model assessing associations between characteristics and state anxiety scores, adjusted for the trait anxiety.
| Model and variable | Coefficient | SE | P value | 95% CI | |
| Sex | |||||
|
|
Male vs female | –4.011 | 0.224 | <.001 a | –4.45 to –3.572 |
| Age | –0.021 | 0.011 | .046 | –0.042 to 0 | |
| Marital status | |||||
|
|
In relationship vs single | 0.287 | 0.248 | .25 | –0.2 to 0.773 |
|
|
Married vs single | 0.243 | 0.236 | .30 | –0.22 to 0.706 |
| Have children younger than 18 years | |||||
|
|
No vs yes | –1.441 | 0.203 | <.001 | –1.839 to –1.044 |
| Expecting a child | |||||
|
|
No vs yes | –1.117 | 0.341 | .001 | –1.785 to –0.448 |
| Living in a capital | |||||
|
|
No vs yes | –0.404 | 0.156 | .009 | –0.709 to –0.099 |
| Education | |||||
|
|
BSc vs vocational school | 0.177 | 0.293 | .55 | –0.397 to 0.751 |
|
|
MSc vs vocational school | 0.475 | 0.319 | .14 | –0.151 to 1.101 |
|
|
Other vs vocational school | –2.016 | 0.951 | .03 | –3.88 to –0.153 |
|
|
More than one degree vs vocational school | 0.568 | 0.386 | .14 | –0.189 to 1.325 |
|
|
Higher education in progress vs vocational school | –0.45 | 0.387 | .25 | –1.209 to 0.309 |
|
|
PhD vs vocational school | –0.174 | 0.523 | .74 | –1.2 to 0.852 |
|
|
School vs vocational school | –1.836 | 0.567 | .001 | –2.946 to –0.725 |
| Income (R) | |||||
|
|
Decline to answer vs <20,000 | –0.205 | 0.368 | .58 | –0.927 to 0.517 |
|
|
20,000-35,000 vs <20,000 | –0.28 | 0.208 | .18 | –0.687 to 0.128 |
|
|
35,000-70,000 vs <20,000 | –0.487 | 0.211 | .02 | –0.9 to –0.074 |
|
|
70,000-100,000 vs <20,000 | –0.311 | 0.274 | .26 | –0.847 to 0.226 |
|
|
100,000-150,000 vs <20,000 | –0.313 | 0.334 | .35 | –0.968 to 0.342 |
|
|
>150,000 vs <20,000 | –0.529 | 0.381 | .17 | –1.276 to 0.219 |
| Chronic medical conditions | |||||
|
|
Any vs no | 1.072 | 0.142 | <.001 | 0.793 to 1.351 |
|
|
Decline to answer vs no | 2.774 | 0.58 | <.001 | 1.636 to 3.911 |
|
|
Depression and cardiological or respiratory vs no | 3.187 | 0.664 | <.001 | 1.885 to 4.489 |
|
|
Depression or neurological vs no | 0.109 | 0.467 | .82 | –0.805 to 1.024 |
|
|
Food allergy/rhinitis/eczema/psoriasis vs no | 0.633 | 0.234 | .007 | 0.174 to 1.091 |
|
|
Cardiological vs no | 0.765 | 0.387 | .048 | 0.007 to 1.522 |
|
|
Cardiological and respiratory vs no | 2.123 | 1.252 | .09 | –0.33 to 4.577 |
|
|
Renal/hepatic/diabetes vs no | 1.221 | 0.392 | .002 | 0.452 to 1.99 |
|
|
Oncology/HIV vs no | 0.857 | 0.625 | .17 | –0.368 to 2.083 |
|
|
Other vs no | 1.281 | 0.165 | <.001 | 0.958 to 1.605 |
|
|
Respiratory vs no | 0.533 | 0.761 | .48 | –0.959 to 2.025 |
| Medications | |||||
|
|
Neuroleptics/antidepressant vs no | 1.324 | 0.376 | <.001 | 0.586 to 2.061 |
| Time spent on reading COVID-19 news | |||||
|
|
Decline to answer vs <30 mins | 2.955 | 1.616 | .07 | –0.213 to 6.122 |
|
|
Do not follow vs <30 mins | –4.767 | 0.563 | <.001 | –5.87 to –3.663 |
|
|
Do not follow but they find me vs <30 mins | 1.16 | 0.226 | <.001 | 0.716 to 1.603 |
|
|
30 mins-1 hour vs <30 mins | 3.083 | 0.173 | <.001 | 2.743 to 3.423 |
|
|
1-2 hours vs <30 mins | 5.463 | 0.222 | <.001 | 5.027 to 5.899 |
|
|
2-3 hours vs <30 mins | 7.059 | 0.349 | <.001 | 6.374 to 7.743 |
|
|
>3 hours vs <30 mins | 8.645 | 0.421 | <.001 | 7.819 to 9.471 |
| Smoking | |||||
|
|
Former smoker vs nonsmoker | 0.265 | 0.181 | .14 | –0.09 to 0.621 |
|
|
Current smoker vs nonsmoker | 1.115 | 0.193 | <.001 | 0.736 to 1.494 |
| Job status | |||||
|
|
Decline to answer vs commute to work | 0.189 | 0.529 | .72 | –0.847 to 1.225 |
|
|
Do not work vs commute to work | –0.443 | 0.242 | .07 | –0.916 to 0.031 |
|
|
Work from home vs commute to work | –0.86 | 0.24 | <.001 | –1.331 to –0.39 |
|
|
Lost due to COVID-19 and out of job vs commute to work | 3.948 | 0.323 | <.001 | 3.314 to 4.581 |
| Health care–related job | |||||
|
|
Medical student vs no | –1.185 | 0.701 | .09 | –2.559 to 0.189 |
|
|
Volunteer/hospital management vs no | –0.637 | 0.604 | .29 | –1.822 to 0.547 |
|
|
Nurse vs no | –0.876 | 0.607 | .15 | –2.066 to 0.314 |
|
|
Physician vs no | –0.886 | 0.349 | .01 | –1.57 to –0.201 |
| T-Anxietyb | 0.543 | 0.008 | <.001 | 0.528 to 0.559 | |
aItalics indicate significant results.
bT-Anxiety: Trait Anxiety Scale.