Table 1.

Therapeutic Options for Type 2 Asthma

Compound	Target Molecule	FDA Approval Date	Administration Route	Dosage	Ideal Patients	Principal Outcomes
Mepolizumab	Inhibit IL-5, preventing its binding with the α chain of the receptor present on the surface of the eosinophils	4-Nov-15	Subcutaneous	100 mg every 4 weeks	Eosinophilic asthma ≥ 300 cells/µL, CRSwNP, late onset asthma	Excellent safety profile, clinical efficacy and steroid sparing effect
Benralizumab	Bind to the α-chain of the IL-5R with inhibition of receptor activation mediated by IL-5	14-Nov-17	Subcutaneous	Every 4 weeks for the first 3 doses, then every 8 weeks	Eosinophilic asthma ≥ 300 cells/µL, CRSwNP, late onset asthma	High affinity for IL-5 receptor and ADCC activity, eosinophils sustained tissue depletion, improvement of pulmonary function even in patients with FAO
Reslizumab	Block IL - 5, inhibiting the binding and interaction with its receptors	23-Mar-16	Intravenous	3 mg · kg -1	Eosinophilic asthma ≥ 400 cells/µL, CRSwNP	Personalized dosage, improvement of pulmonary function
Dupilumab	Direct against α subunit of the IL-4R, capable of blocking the signaling of IL-4 and IL-13	28-Mar-18	Subcutaneous	200/300 mg every two weeks	FeNO ≥ 25 ppb and eosinophilic asthma ≥ 150 cells/µL	Reduction in severe exacerbations and in average dose of OCS, improvement in lung function (FEV1 l)
Omalizumab	Bind free IgE, blocking its interaction with FcεRI on basophils, mast cells and dendritic cells	20-Jun-2003	Subcutaneous	Doses up 600 mg every two weeks	Allergic, patients with total serum IgE levels ≥ 30 and ≤ 1500 kU/l	Reduction in frequency of asthma exacerbation, improvement QoL and reduction use of OCS

Abbreviations: ADCC, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity; FAO, fixed airway obstruction; CRSwNP, chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps; FeNO, fractional exhaled nitric oxide.