Table 3.
The Incidence of Adverse Events Induced by PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors
| Pembrolizumab162 | Nivolumab163 | Cemiplimab77 | Atezolizumab164 | Avelumab165 | Durvalumab166 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serious adverse events | Haemorrhage intracranial | 1.42% | 0.20% | – | – | – | – |
| Syncope | 0.57% | 0.30% | 1% | 0.65% | 0.25% | 0.21% | |
| Pneumonitis | 0.85% | 0.99% | 4% | – | 1.27% | 3.58% | |
| Acute kidney injury | 0.85% | 0.89% | – | 1.61% | 0.76% | 0.42% | |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.28% | 0.30% | 0 | 0.32% | – | – | |
| Hyperthyroidism | – | 0.10% | – | – | – | – | |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 0.28% | 0.10% | – | – | 0 | 0.42% | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.28% | 0.30% | – | 0.32% | 0.76% | 1.05% | |
| Colitis | 1.42% | 0.69% | – | 0.32% | 0.76% | – | |
| Hypophysitis | 0.85% | 0.40% | – | – | – | – | |
| Autoimmune hepatitis | 0.28% | 0.79% | 1% | Hepatitis (0.32%) | – | – | |
| Severe skin reactions | Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (0.57%) | Skin ulcer (0.30%) | Skin infection (1%) | Rash maculo-papular (0.32%) | Angioedema (0.25%) Henoch-Schonlein purpura (0.25%) | – | |
| Type 1 diabetes mellitus | 0.28% | 0.10% | 0.70% | – | – | 0.21% | |
| Infections and infestations | Sepsis (0.57%) | Pneumonia(1.29%) Urinary tract infection (1.09%) | Urinary tract infection (3%) | Urinary tract infection (7.42%) | Pneumonia (2.04%) | Pneumo (5.68%) | |
| Other (not including serious) adverse events | Fatigue | 25.85% | 29.27% | 42% | 50.65% | 17.56% | 24.00% |
| Diarrhoea | 26.14% | 20.83% | 27% | 21.29% | 10.43% | 18.32% | |
| Nausea | 23.30% | 21.03% | 22% | 25.81% | 13.49% | 14.32% | |
| Rash | 20.74% | 5.36% | 13% | 11.61% | 8.14% | 12.21% | |
| Pruritus | 26.99% | 11.41% | 15% | 14.84% | 6.36% | 12.42% | |
| Myalgia | 8.52% | 6.15% | - | 5.48% | 4.07%% | 8.00% | |
| Back pain | 12.22% | 11.51% | 10% | 16.45% | 11.45% | 10.53% | |
| Arthralgia | 17.61% | 14.68% | 10% | 17.42% | 6.62% | 12.42% | |
| Cough | 16.19% | 13.29% | - | 16.45% | 18.58% | 35.16% | |
| Dyspnoea | 7.10% | 8.04% | 9% | 16.13% | 18.07% | 22.11% | |
| Oedema peripheral | 6.25% | 8.04% | - | 14.19% | 5.34% | 7.79% | |
| Decreased appetite | 11.65% | 14.19% | 10% | 27.10% | 19.85% | 14.32% |