Table 2.
Associations of epidemic-related impacts with patient-reported outcome scores of skin diseases (N=506).
| Exposure group | Stress VASa | PHQ-9b | GAD-7c | DLQId | Health utility | |||||||||||
|
|
|
Mean SE | P value | Mean SE | P value | Mean SE | P value | Mean SE | P value | Mean SE | P value | |||||
| Isolation | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
Unaffected | 4.05 (0.18) | Ref e | 4.56 (0.30) | Ref | 3.31 (0.26) | Ref | 5.47 (0.41) | Ref | 0.96 (0.01) | Ref | |||||
|
|
Restricted | 4.56 (0.26) | .10 | 6.33 (0.42) | <.001 | 4.97 (0.37) | .001 | 6.13 (0.58) | .35 | 0.93 (0.01) | .02 | |||||
|
|
Isolated | 4.38 (0.25) | .30 | 5.77 (0.42) | .02 | 4.20 (0.37) | .049 | 7.11 (0.58) | .02 | 0.93 (0.01) | .02 | |||||
| Loss of income | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
Unaffected | 3.23 (0.20) | Ref | 4.17 (0.34) | Ref | 3.19 (0.30) | Ref | 4.85 (0.47) | Ref | 0.96 (0.01) | Ref | |||||
|
|
Reduced | 4.54 (0.19) | <.001 | 5.77 (0.32) | .001 | 4.19 (0.29) | .02 | 6.18 (0.45) | .04 | 0.94 (0.01) | .051 | |||||
|
|
Completely lost | 5.50 (0.26) | <.001 | 6.39 (0.45) | <.001 | 4.79 (0.40) | .002 | 7.87 (0.62) | <.001 | 0.92 (0.01) | <.001 | |||||
| Unemployment | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
Unaffected | 3.91 (0.14) | Ref | 4.84 (0.23) | Ref | 3.60 (0.21) | Ref | 5.28 (0.32) | Ref | 0.95 (0.00) | Ref | |||||
|
|
Unemployed | 5.64 (0.28) | <.001 | 7.15 (0.46) | <.001 | 5.30 (0.41) | <.001 | 9.10 (0.63) | <.001 | 0.91 (0.01) | <.001 | |||||
| Adherence to treatment | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
Adherent | 4.75 (0.26) | Ref | 5.64 (0.43) | Ref | 3.59 (0.38) | Ref | 6.24 (0.58) | Ref | 0.93 (0.01) | Ref | |||||
|
|
No treatment needed | 3.94 (0.20) | .01 | 4.41 (0.32) | .02 | 3.30 (0.29) | .54 | 4.12 (0.44) | <.001 | 0.97 (0.01) | <.001 | |||||
|
|
Nonadherent | 4.30 (0.22) | .18 | 6.14 (0.36) | .37 | 4.97 (0.31) | .005 | 8.23 (0.48) | .008 | 0.93 (0.01) | .75 | |||||
aVAS: Visual Analog Scale.
bPHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
cGAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7.
dDLQI: Dermatology Life Quality Index.
e Ref: reference group.