TABLE 2.
Differences in blood metabolites between responders and nonresponders at baseline and in response to weight-loss interventions1
| Intervention and metabolites | Phenotypes | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nonresponders | Responders | Reference | |
| Baseline | (49) | ||
| Ketone bodies | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
| Lactate | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
| Serum lipids | ↑↑ | ↑ | |
| Mixed-meal challenge | (6) | ||
| Glucose (AUC) | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
| Insulin (AUC) | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
| Free fatty acids | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
| 3-Hydroxybutyrate | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
| Ratio of medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
1
Responders were defined as individuals who had greater weight loss than the nonresponders. AUC: area under the curve. ↑↑, higher increment than ↑.