FIGURE 3.

Distribution of the population health status (i.e., generally healthy populations compared with populations with health conditions of interest) of included studies by study design (A) and distribution of specific health conditions of interest among studies of populations with ≥1 health conditions (n = 64) (B). Healthy population refers to recruiting participants from the general population which can include healthy participants with health conditions (i.e., DM, HTN, HF, and/or pre-HTN). CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; HF, heart failure; HTN, hypertension; pre-HTN, prehypertension; RCT, randomized controlled trial.