Table 2.
Regression estimates of depression levels in the NHANES 2017–2018 sample (N = 5075) and the Understanding America Study March (N = 6819) and April 2020 assessments (N = 5428) and percentage point differences in depression between the study samples.
| Year / Wave |
2017–2018 |
March 2020 |
Differencea |
April 2020 |
Differencea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % [95% CI] |
% [95% CI] |
% [95% CI] |
% [95% CI] |
% [95% CI] | |
| Adults ≥ 18 y | 8.7 [7.6–9.8] |
10.6 [9.6–11.6] |
1.9* [0.3–3.5] |
14.4 [13.1–15.7] |
5.7⁎⁎⁎ [3.9–7.5] |
| Age group, y | |||||
| 18 – 34 | 7.8 [6.0–9.7] |
15.2 [12.7–17.8] |
7.4⁎⁎⁎ [4.2–10.6] |
21.2 [17.8–24.6] |
13.4⁎⁎⁎ [9.5–17.2] |
| 35 – 54 | 11.6 [9.0–14.2] |
11.7 [10.0–13.5] |
0.01 [−3.0–3.3] |
16.1 [13.8–18.4] |
4.5* [1.0–8.0] |
| 55 – 64 | 6.7 [4.9–8.6] |
7.7 [5.9–9.6] |
1.0 [−1.6–3.6] |
10.0 [7.6–12.4] |
3.5* [0.4–6.6] |
| 65+ | 7.8 [5.8–9.7] |
5.6 [4.2–7.0] |
−2.1 [−4.6–0.2] |
7.0 [5.1–8.9] |
−0.8 [−3.4–1.9] |
| Male | 7.7 [6.2–9.2] |
10.1 [8.5–11.6] |
2.4* [0.2–4.6] |
12.8 [10.9–14.8] |
5.2⁎⁎⁎ [2.7–7.7] |
| Female | 9.6 [8.0–11.2] |
11.1 [9.8–12.4] |
1.5 [−0.6–3.6] |
15.7 [13.9–17.6] |
6.1⁎⁎⁎ [3.7–8.6] |
| Hispanic | 7.3 [5.7–8.9] |
8.6 [6.2–11.0] |
1.3 [−1.6–4.2] |
15.6 [11.5–19.7] |
8.3⁎⁎⁎ [3.9–12.7] |
| White | 9.4 [7.7–11.1] |
12.3 [11.0–13.6] |
2.9⁎⁎ [0.7–5.0] |
15.8 [14.2–17.4] |
6.4⁎⁎⁎ [4.0–8.7] |
| Black | 8.6 [6.9–10.4] |
6.0 [3.8–8.1] |
−2.6 [−5.4–0.1] |
5.5 [3.2–7.8] |
−3.1* [−6.1 - −0.2] |
| Other | 8.1 [5.7–10.4] |
10.9 [6.4–15.4] |
2.8 [−2.2–8.0] |
18.1 [11.9–24.2] |
10.0⁎⁎ [3.5–16.6] |
| No college degree | 9.4 [8.2–10.6] |
10.8 [9.6–12.0] |
1.4 [−0.4–3.2] |
14.0 [12.4–15.7] |
4.6⁎⁎⁎ [2.6–6.7] |
| College degree | 6.7 [4.2–9.2] |
10.0 [8.2–11.9] |
3.3* [0.2–6.4] |
15.3 [12.8–17.8] |
8.6⁎⁎⁎ [5.0–12.1] |
| Low income ($25,000) | 13.3 [11.4–15.1] |
14.8 [13.1–16.5] |
1.5 [−1.0–3.9] |
18.1 [16.1–20.2] |
4.8⁎⁎ [2.0–7.5] |
| High income ($75,000) | 6.4 [5.0–7.9] |
8.5 [7.4–9.5] |
2.0* [0.2–3.9] |
12.9 [11.5–14.3] |
6.4⁎⁎⁎ [4.4–8.5] |
Note: Estimates are from marginal effects calculated after logistic regression analysis adjusting for the covariates shown in the table.
a
Column displays the magnitude and statistical significance of the difference in depression levels between 2017-2018 and March and April, 2020 assessments.
⁎
p < .05.
⁎⁎
p < .01.
⁎⁎⁎
p < .001.