TABLE 4.

Results of mediation effect analysis.

Variables	Ingratiation → Emotional exhaustion →Counterproductive work behaviors
	Effect	95% Confidence interval
Gender	−0.14(0.10)	[−0.32, 0.16]
Age	0.08(0.06)	[−0.03, 0.19]
Education	−0.19(0.14)	[−0.48, 0.07]
Tenure	−0.08(0.06)	[−0.19, 0.04]
Indirect Effect	0.10(0.04)	[0.01, 0.18]
Direct Effect	0.21(0.07)	[0.06, 0.35]
Total Effect	0.31(0.09)	[0.12, 0.49]