Table 4.
Effect of fully connected layers on the proposed dual neural network plus cost-sensitive learning model.
| Imputation and algorithm | AUCa, mean (SD) | APb, mean (SD) | Sensitivity, mean (SD) | Specificity, mean (SD) | |
| Mean |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DNNc+CSLd | 0.84 (0.04) | 0.88 (0.03) | 0.73 (0.09) | 0.80 (0.03) |
|
|
DNN+CSL with one FCLe | 0.83 (0.04) | 0.88 (0.03) | 0.73 (0.09) | 0.79 (0.07) |
|
|
DNN+CSL with two FCLs | 0.83 (0.05) | 0.88 (0.03) | 0.77 (0.11) | 0.75 (0.04) |
| KNNf |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DNN+CSL | 0.84 (0.04) | 0.88 (0.03) | 0.72 (0.10) | 0.79 (0.04) |
|
|
DNN+CSL with one FCL | 0.83 (0.04) | 0.88 (0.03) | 0.71 (0.10) | 0.77 (0.09) |
|
|
DNN+CSL with two FCLs | 0.82 (0.05) | 0.87 (0.03) | 0.77 (0.12) | 0.74 (0.03) |
aAUC: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.
bAP: average precision.
cDNN: dual neural network.
dCSL: cost-sensitive learning.
eFCL: fully connected layer.
fKNN: k-nearest neighbor.