Table 1.

Application of capability, opportunity, and motivation model of behavior theoretical constructs to i-Matter design features.

i-Mattera components	COM-Bb constructs	Mechanisms of action	Design features
PROc assessments	Capability (comprehension) Motivation (habit formation)	Rating PROs on a scale helps patients make more realistic assessments of their symptoms and behaviors Daily ratings increase patients’ awareness of their condition on their quality of life and daily functioning Tracking PROs and observing patterns provides patients with reasons to adhere to their self-management regimen	Daily text message questions Asks patients to complete small doable actions at optimal times
Feedback messages (insights)	Motivation (perceptions of illness and emotional response)	Enables patients to identify changes in PROs that previously went undetected Encourages self-reflection of PRO ratings and their impact on behavior	Data-driven insights based on PRO ratings, such as: Correlational: association between PRO responses Individual: comparisons of PRO responses across weeks
Motivational messages	Motivation Opportunity (perceived support)	Uses text messages to maintain high levels of engagement in the program	Text messages that encourage journaling, such as: Response-based: weekly supportive messages based on PRO responses Activity-based: weekly messages based on response rates to the messages Completion-based: messages based on patient duration in the study
Personalized reports	Opportunity (patient-provider relationship) Capability (comprehension and ability to plan)	Facilitates informed discussions with provider Provides provider with succinct and timely data on patient PROs Motivates patients through the gradual completion of the personalized report, with landscape changes every 4 weeks Enables patients to understand and identify patterns in their PROs and to develop behavioral changes to better manage PROs	Patient reports will include pattern messaging, PRO data visualizations, reflective questions, and tips plus an area for notes Monthly PRO patterns integrated into EHRd, available during and between visits

^ai-Matter: investigating an mHealth texting tool for embedding patient-reported data into diabetes management.

^bCOM-B: capability, opportunity, and motivation model of behavior.

^cPRO: patient-reported outcome.

^dEHR: electronic health record.