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. 2020 Sep 14;11:4597. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18356-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Modelled surface mass balance (SMB) statistically downscaled to 500 m spatial resolution, averaged for the period 1958–2018. Orange dots locate the 101 stakes used for model evaluation (Supplementary Fig. 2a). The sectors of Svalbard evaluated in Supplementary Fig. 2b are also outlined. b Hypsometry of six Arctic ice masses: Svalbard (S0 Terreng DEM), Iceland (Arctic DEM), North and South Canadian Arctic Archipelago (Canadian DEM)²⁴, Greenland ice sheet (GIMP DEM)⁴¹, Greenland peripheral glaciers and ice caps (GIMP DEM)²³. The x-axis shows the glacier area in each 100 m elevation band as a fraction of the total ice area of that region (%).