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. 2020 Sep 14;6(9):e04797. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04797

Table 1.

Characteristics of elderly individuals (n = 214).

Characteristics number (%)
Age (years)

60–69 119 55.6
70–79 73 34.1
>80 22 10.3

Gender

Male 107 50
Female 107 50

Marital status

Single 8 3.7
Married 154 72
Widowed 52 24.3

Religion

Buddhism 206 96.3
Islam 8 3.7

Underlying disease

No 37 17.3
Yes 177 82.7

Current working status

No 145 67.8
Yes 69 32.2

Live alone

No 191 89.3
Yes 23 10.7

Polypharmacy

No 195 91.1
Yes 19 8.9

History of admission in last year

No 148 69.2
Yes 66 30.8

History of falling in last year

No 169 79
Yes 45 21

Smoking

Never smokers 159 74.3
Former smokers 31 14.5
Current smokers 24 11.2

Alcohol drinking

Never drinkers 187 87.4
Former drinkers 12 5.6
Current drinkers 15 7

Basic ADL

Group 1 197 92.1
Group 2 17 7.9

Education

None 8 3.7
Primary education 128 59.8
Elementary education 23 10.7
Junior high school 16 7.5
Senior high school 19 8.9
Vocational certificate/high vocational certificate 10 4.7
Bachelor's degree 10 4.7

Occupation

Employee 61 28.5
Merchant 58 27.1
Housemaid 43 20.1
Farmer 19 8.9
Government official 19 8.9
Fishing 10 4.7
Mason 4 1.9

ADL: activities of daily living.

Polypharmacy is defined as current medications ≥5 appropriate medications [36, 37].