Table 2.
Summary of empirical health studies examining Age-Period-Cohort (APC) effects.
| Authors | Journal | Outcome | Country | Data Source | Did the Authors Address the Controversies over APC Models, particularly those raised by Bell and Jones (2014)? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ananth, Keyes, and Wapner (2013) | BMJ | Pre-eclampsia | USA | US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Hospital Discharge Survey Data | NO: published before Bell and Jones (2014). Did acknowledge the identification problem and used two approaches. CCMM was a robustness check on the first approach. |
| Bardo 2015a | Dissertation | Self-rated health | USA | General Social Survey | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; does discuss the identification problem but claims CCMM addresses the issue. |
| Beck, Finch, Lin, Hummer, and Masters (2014) | Social Science & Medicine | Self-rated health | USA | National Health Interview Survey | NO: published concurrently with the Bell and Jones (2014). |
| Bell and Jones (2018) | Qual Quant | Body mass index (BMI) | USA | National Health Interview Survey | YES: this is a paper in the dialogue between the two factions and uses the approach only to illustrate issues of concern. |
| Chaurasiya (2018) | Asian Journal of Epidemiology | Non-communicable disease | India | National Sample Survey (NSS) in India | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; also does not mention the identification problem. |
| Delaruelle, Buffel, and Bracke (2015) | Social Science & Medicine | 32 European countries | European Social Survey | YES: mentions the identification problem and cites Bell and Jones (2014); attempts to address the issue through theory-informed sensitivity analyses. | |
| Fu and Land (2015) | Population Research and Policy Review | Overweight; Obesity | China | China Health and Nutrition Survey | YES: acknowledges the controversy and cites Bell and Jones (2014); attempts to address the issue through sensitivity analyses. |
| Giordano et al. (2014) | Drug and Alcohol Dependence | Hospitalization for drug abuse | Sweden | National Swedish Hospital Discharge Register | NO: published concurrently with the Bell and Jones (2014). |
| Hidehiro, Ken, Yoko, Shizuko, and Masaya (2016) | Population Health Metrics | Self-rated health | Japan | Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; does discuss the identification problem but claims CCMM addresses the issue. |
| Keyes, Gary, O'Malley, Hamilton, and Schulenberg (2019) | Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology | Depressive symptoms | USA | Monitoring the Future | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; also does not mention the identification problem. |
| Kraus et al. (2015) | Alcohol and Alcoholism | Alcohol use | Sweden | 1979 Scandinavian Drinking Survey (SDS-79), the 1995 Nordic Survey of Alcohol and Narcotics (NSAN-95), the 2003 Alcohol and Narcotics Survey (ANS-03) and the 2005, 2007, 2009 and 2011 Swedish Alcohol Monitoring Survey (AMS-05/11) | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; does discuss the identification problem but claims CCMM addresses the issue. |
| Krieger et al. (2014) | Epidemiology | Mortality | USA | National Center fro Health Statistics Mortality Data, and US Census Data | NO: published concurrently with the Bell and Jones (2014). |
| Kwon and Schafer (2016) | SSM -Population Health | Self-rated health | China | World Value Survey-China | YES: acknowledges the controversy and cites Bell and Jones (2014); attempts to address the issue through sensitivity analyses. |
| Lin, Beck, and Finch (2014) | Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences | Disability | USA | National Health Interview Survey | NO: published concurrently with the Bell and Jones (2014). |
| Lin, Beck, and Finch (2016) | Disability and Health Journal | Disability | USA | National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; does discuss the identification problem but claims CCMM addresses the issue. |
| Livingston et al. (2016) | Addiction | Alcohol use | Australia | Australian National Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS) | YES: cite the Bell and Jones paper; argue that linear effects are less likely to be an issue in this case (based on supplemental analyses). |
| Luo, Pan, Sloan, Feinglos, and Wu (2015) | Preventing Chronic Disease | Tooth loss | USA | National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; does discuss the identification problem but claims CCMM addresses the issue. |
| Masters (2012) | Demography | Mortality | USA | National Health Interview Survey-Linked Mortality Files | NO: published prior to controversy. |
| Masters, Hummer, and Powers (2012) | American Sociological Review | Mortality | USA | National Health Interview Survey-Linked Mortality Files | NO: published prior to controversy. |
| Masters et al. (2013) | American Journal of Public Health | Mortality | USA | National Health Interview Survey-Linked Mortality Files | NO: published prior to controversy. |
| Piontek, Kraus, Müller, and Pabst (2010) | Sucht: Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis | Cigarette use prevalence and frequency | Germany | German Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse | NO: published prior to controversy. |
| Piontek, Kraus, Pabst, and Legleye (2012) | Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health | Cannabis use prevalence and frequency | Germany | German Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse | NO: published prior to controversy. |
| Reither, Hauser, and Yang (2009) | Social Science & Medicine | Body mass index (BMI) | USA | National Health Interview Survey | NO: published prior to controversy. |
| Ryan-Ibarra et al. (2016) | Annals of Epidemiology | Lifetime asthma diagnosis | USA | California Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; also does not mention the identification problem. |
| Sugisawa et al. (2016) | International Journal of Nephrology & Renovascular Disease | Dialysis complications and depressive symptoms in dialysis patients | USA | Original Data Collected | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; also does not mention the identification problem. |
| Tang (2014) | Social Indicators Research | Subjective well-being | China | World Values Survey | NO: published concurrently with the Bell and Jones (2014). |
| Teisl, Lando, Levy, and Noblet (2016) | Food Control | In-home food preparation safety | USA | The Food Safety Survey | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; also does not mention the identification problem. |
| Thibodeau (2015) | Population Review | Suicide mortality | Canada | Statistics Canada | YES: acknowledged as a limitation. |
| Thorpe et al. (2016) | Journal of Urban Health | Hypertension; Diabetes; Stroke; Cardiovascular Disease | USA | National Health Interview Survey | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; also does not mention the identification problem. |
| Twenge, Sherman, and Wells (2017) | Archives of Sexual Behavior | Number of sexual partners since age 18 | USA | General Social Survey | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; also does not mention the identification problem. |
| Volken, Wieber, Ruesch, Huber, and Crawford (2017) | Public Health | Self-rated health | Switzerland | Swiss Health Survey (1997, 2002, 2007 and 2012) | YES: acknowledges the controversy and referenced Bell and Jones (2014) book chapter which suggested modifications to the HAPC approach and strong assumptions that would enable the analysis to be conducted. |
| Wilk, Maltby, and Cooke (2017) | Canadian Studies in Population | Body mass index (BMI) | Canada | Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; does discuss the identification problem but claims CCMM addresses the issue. |
| Willson and Abbott (2018) | Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health | Body mass index (BMI) | New Zealand | New Zealand National Health Surveys | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; also does not mention the identification problem. |
| Yu et al. (2016) | BMJ Open | Disability | Hong Kong | Hong Kong Elderly Health Centers (EHCs) of the Department of Health | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; does discuss the identification problem but claims CCMM addresses the issue. |
| Zhang (2017) | Journal of Religion and Health | Self-rated health | USA | General Social Survey | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; does discuss the identification problem but claims CCMM addresses the issue. |
| Zheng, Yang, and Land (2011) | American Sociological Review | Self-rated health | USA | National Health Interview Survey | NO: published prior to controversy. |
| Zheng et al. 2016b | Population Research and Policy Review | Mortality | Australia, Belgium, Denmark, England and Wales, Finland, France, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and U.S.A. |
Human Mortality Database | NO: published after Bell and Jones (2014) but does not cite them; also does not mention the identification problem. |
a
Bardo, 2015 is a dissertation that includes a variety of analyses. Bardo examined “domain satisfaction” (which is related to subjective well being but focuses on specific domains, including satisfaction with residence, hobbies, family, friends and health. Because health was examined we included this in our review even though it is not exclusively focused on health). In Chapter 3 these outcomes are treated separately, including a CCMM specifically for the health satisfaction outcome. This is the main model we reviewed.
b
Zheng, Yang, & Land, 2016 (Popul Res Policy Rev) conduct an atypical APC analysis where level 1 units are mortality rates in groups rather than outcomes for individual respondents.