Table 2.
Fully adjusted HR of risk factors for all-cause mortality according to the presence of NAFLD (multiple-imputation analysis).
| Covariate | Individuals with NAFLD |
Individuals without NAFLD |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Sarcopenia | 1.78 (1.16–2.73) | 0.0089 | 1.69 (1.19–2.40) | 0.0032 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 20–39 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 40–59 | 0.40 (0.23–0.72) | 0.0021 | 0.36 (0.22–0.58) | <0.0001 |
| >60 | 1.50 (1.07–2.09) | 0.0174 | 1.35 (0.93–1.97) | 0.1112 |
| Male | 2.11 (1.43–3.10) | 0.0001 | 2.04 (1.56–2.67) | <0.0001 |
| Race | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | Reference | Reference | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1.14 (0.72–1.81) | 0.569 | 1.02 (0.76–1.37) | 0.9115 |
| Hispanic | 0.73 (0.48–1.09) | 0.1215 | 0.72 (0.49–1.07) | 0.1040 |
| Other race | 0.60 (0.18–2.03) | 0.4163 | 0.61 (0.30–1.22) | 0.1590 |
| Low income | 1.08 (0.74–1.58) | 0.689 | 1.38 (1.15–1.66) | 0.0006 |
| College | 0.63 (0.41–0.99) | 0.0436 | 0.67 (0.47–0.95) | 0.0255 |
| Height (cm) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.1044 | 0.97 (0.95–0.98) | 0.0005 |
| Physical inactivity | 1.19 (0.83–1.71) | 0.3459 | 1.13 (0.88–1.45) | 0.3272 |
| Active smoker | 1.48 (0.93–2.34) | 0.0983 | 1.07 (0.81–1.42) | 0.6344 |
| Hypertension | 2.10 (1.37–3.23) | 0.0007 | 2.59 (1.84–3.67) | <0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 0.75 (0.51–1.10) | 0.1379 | 1.26 (0.96–1.65) | 0.1019 |
| Diabetes | 2.23 (1.57–3.15) | <0.0001 | 1.68 (1.14–2.46) | 0.0082 |
| History of cancer | 2.91 (2.25–3.76) | <0.0001 | 3.02 (2.29–3.98) | <0.0001 |
| History of CVD | 2.31 (1.49–3.60) | 0.0002 | 2.80 (1.93–4.05) | <0.0001 |
| History of kidney disease | 1.59 (0.82–3.08) | 0.1692 | 2.31 (1.54–3.48) | <0.0001 |
CVD, cardiovascular disease; HR, hazard ratio; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.