Table 4.

Early neonatal mortality and perinatal mortality by practice adherence

	Early neonatal mortality rate (excludes stillbirth) deaths per 1000 live births		Perinatal mortality rate (stillbirth + early neonatal mortality) deaths per 1000 births
	Practice performed (deaths/cases)	Practice not performed (deaths/cases)	Practice performed (deaths/cases)	Practice not performed (deaths/cases)
Birth companion present	34.8 (93/2675)	0.0 (0/6)	52.5 (143/2725)	0.0 (0/6)
Partograph started	0.0 (0/14)	34.9 (93/2667)	0.0 (0/14)	52.6 (143/2717)
Proper hand hygiene*	26.2 (11/420)	30.9 (74/2397)	44.4 (19/428)	47.2 (115/2438)
Oxytocin not administered before birth	N/A	N/A	37.1 (47/1266)	54.4 (87/1600)
Clean towel prepared	30.2 (45/1492)	30.2 (40/1325)	44.9 (68/1515)	48.9 (66/1351)
Clean blade prepared	29.9 (70/2342)	31.6 (15/475)	46.2 (110/2382)	49.6 (24/484)
Cord tie prepared	30.3 (85/2805)	0.0 (0/12)	46.6 (133/2853)	76.9 (1/13)
Mucus extractor prepared	30.5 (82/2692)	24.0 (3/125)	46.1 (126/2736)	61.5 (8/130)
Neonatal bag prepared	30.0 (81/2701)	34.5 (4/116)	45.2 (124/2744)	82.0 (10/122)
Clean pads prepared	28.4 (59/2076)	35.1 (26/741)	44.5 (94/2111)	53.0 (40/755)
Oxytocin administered post partum	26.0 (37/1421)	34.4 (48/1395)	N/A	N/A
Birth companion present (post partum)	30.3 (85/2809)	0.0 (0/7)	46.9 (134/2858)	0.0 (0/7)
Baby weight taken	20.7 (50/2417)	61.5 (22/358)	N/A	N/A
Baby’s temperature taken	16.1 (8/498)	28.1 (64/2277)	N/A	N/A
Skin-to-skin warming initiated	24.1 (28/1164)	27.3 (44/1611)	N/A	N/A
Skin-to-skin warming maintained for 1 hour	36.5 (8/219)	25.0 (64/2556)	N/A	N/A
Breastfeeding initiated	17.6 (16/909)	30.0 (56/1866)	N/A	N/A
Mother's blood pressure taken (at any time)	27.2 (32/1177)	38.2 (78/2041)	41.8 (50/1195)	55.8 (116/2079)
Mother’s temperature taken (at any time)	29.4 (27/918)	36.1 (83/2300)	40.9 (38/929)	54.6 (128/2345)

N/A: Practices not appropriate to be conducted in case of stillbirth.

*Proper hand hygiene defined as the birth attendant using gloves, soap and water OR gloves and alcohol rub.