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. 2020 Sep 15;18(3):579–587. doi: 10.1038/s41423-020-00541-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Macrophages as transducers. An analogy was made regarding macrophages functioning as a transducer of information to generate a model. a Macrophages from different tissues function by collecting information from the microenvironment, processing this information, and transducing it to generate important chemical responses for the specific functioning of an individual organ. b Different stimuli or combinations of stimuli, which are depicted as different forms of energy, are received by macrophages and transduced into different outputs. This image was prepared using Medical ART (https://smart.servier.com/)