Table 2.
Summary for the extrachromosomal circular DNA-linked drug resistance
| Genes | Drugs | Function | Cancers | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DHFR | MTX | Elimination of DHFR on DMs increases MTX sensitivity | Colon cancer | [36] |
| DHFR | MTX | Elimination of DHFR on DMs increases MTX sensitivity | Colon cancer | [38] |
| DHFR | MTX | Amplification of DM-form DHFR promotes MTX resistance | Cervical cancer | [39] |
| DHFR | MTX | X-ray induces MTX resistance due to DM-form amplified DHFR | Breast Cancer | [121] |
| EGFRvIII | Erlotinib | Reducing EGFRvIII-bearing extrachromosomal DNA resultes in erlotinib resistance | Glioblastoma | [128] |
| MDM2 | Erlotinib | Amplification of DM-form MDM2 promotes erlotinib resistance | Glioblastoma | [128] |
| HER2 | Trastuzumab | Loss of DM-form HER2 has no effect on trastuzumab resistance | Breast Cancer | [129] |
| c-Myc | HU and retinoic acid | Reducing c-Myc-bearing DMs enhances therapeutic sensitivity | Leukemia | [134] |
| MYCN | HU | Elimination of MYCN on DMs increases HU sensitivity | Neuroblastoma | [135] |
| c-Myc | HU | Reducing c-Myc-bearing DMs enhances HU sensitivity | Colon cancer | (136) |
| MDR1 | HU | Loss of DM-form MDR1 promotes HU sensitivity | Oral squamous cell carcinoma | [137] |
| CA125 | HU | Low levels of DM-form CA123 after HU treatment | Ovarian cancer | [138] |