Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of front-line health-care workers compared with the general community
| Front-line health-care workers (n=99 795) | General community (n=2 035 395) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Country | |||
| UK | 85·4% | 93·9% | |
| USA | 14·6% | 6·1% | |
| Age, years | 42 (33–53) | 44 (33–56) | |
| <25 | 4·5% | 4·7% | |
| 25–34 | 24·7% | 19·2% | |
| 35–44 | 25·1% | 21·5% | |
| 45–54 | 23·6% | 19·5% | |
| 55–64 | 17·5% | 16·2% | |
| ≥65 | 3·9% | 13·1% | |
| Missing data for age | 1·1% | 5·7% | |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 17·0% | 37·0% | |
| Female | 83·0% | 63·0% | |
| Race or ethnic origin* | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 88·2% | 92·5% | |
| Hispanic or Latinx | 1·1% | 0·5% | |
| Black | 1·2% | 0·6% | |
| Asian | 4·4% | 2·2% | |
| More than one or other | 2·4% | 2·9% | |
| Missing data for race or ethnic origin, or prefer not to say | 2·7% | 1·3% | |
| Body-mass index (kg/m2) | 25·8 (22·8–30·2) | 25·3 (22·5–29·1) | |
| 17·0–19·9 | 5·8% | 8·3% | |
| 20·0–24·9 | 38·1% | 39·2% | |
| 25·0–29·9 | 30·1% | 31·5% | |
| ≥30·0 | 25·9% | 21·1% | |
| Missing data for body-mass index | 0·5% | 0·5% | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes | 2·5% | 3·1% | |
| Heart disease | 1·6% | 2·4% | |
| Lung disease | 13·1% | 12·2% | |
| Kidney disease | 0·6% | 0·7% | |
| Cancer | 0·5% | 1·3% | |
| Missing data for cancer | 0·3% | 0·3% | |
| Pregnant (% of females) | 0·9% | 1·0% | |
| Medication use | |||
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | 8·2% | 6·1% | |
| Immunosuppressants | 2·5% | 3·2% | |
| Chemotherapy or immunotherapy | 0·1% | 0·3% | |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor | 5·0% | 4·9% | |
| Missing data for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor | 10·1% | 4·3% | |
| Current smoking | |||
| Yes | 10·2% | 8·5% | |
| Missing data for smoking status | 0·2% | 0·1% | |
Data are % or median (IQR). % are calculated based on the total number of participants with available data. Polytomous variables might not add up to 100% because of rounding. Questions about history of cancer, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use, and smoking status have been asked since launch in the USA and March 29, 2020, in the UK; questions about race and ethnic origin were asked since April 17, 2020, in both the UK and the USA. Percentages within each category are based on the total population responding when the question was first asked.
Non-Hispanic white defined as UK White, US White, and no designation of other race or ethnic origin. Hispanic or Latinx designated as Hispanic and Latino. Black defined as UK Black, Black British, US Black, and African American. White defined as UK White and US White. Asian defined as UK Asian, Asian British, UK Chinese, Chinese British, US Asian, and US Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander. More than one or other defined as UK mixed race White and Black or Black British UK, mixed race other, UK Middle Eastern or Middle Eastern British, US American Indian or Alaska Native, other, and denoted more than one race.