TABLE 3:
TEST STATISTICS FOR WITHDRAWAL
| Variable | X2 | df | N | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Sex of person who overdosed | 0.29 | 1 | 47 | 0.588 |
| Pharmacological | ||||
| Person who overdosed consumed fentanyl prior to overdosing | 0.36 | 1 | 46 | 0.554 |
| Person who overdosed consumed heroin and no other substances prior to overdosing | 2.59 | 1 | 45 | 0.100 |
| Person who overdosed injected drugs prior to overdosing | 0.05 | 1 | 40 | 0.833 |
| Intramuscular naloxone was used to reverse the overdose | 0.02 | 1 | 46 | 0.885 |
| More than one dose of naloxone (IM or IN) was administered to the person who overdosed | 4.0 | 1 | 46 | 0.046* |
| Person who overdosed was known or presumed to have gone on to use more drugs post reversal | 0.96 | 1 | 35 | 0.327 |
| Situational | ||||
| Person who overdosed expressed concern about loss of money or drugs on resuscitation | 0.38 | 1 | 47 | 0.911 |
| Interpersonal | ||||
| Participant had a pre-existing relationship with the person who overdosed as they were a family member or friend | 0.88 | 1 | 47 | 0.588 |
| Participant communicated positively with the person who overdosed during the reversal process | 0.01 | 1 | 42 | 0.911 |
| Participant communicated negatively with the person who overdosed during the reversal process | 0.01 | 1 | 42 | 0.911 |
| Overdose training related | ||||
| Participant received extended overdose training | 0.02 | 1 | 47 | 0.891 |
| Participant completed 8 or more of 11 standard revival procedures | 1.6 | 1 | 46 | 0.202 |
| Variable | t | Mean (SD) Withdrawal − |
Mean (SD) Withdrawal + |
p |
| Age of person who overdosed (years) | −0.14547 | 40 (13) | 41 (11) | 0.885 |
| Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale (OOKS) score | 0.20035 | 39 (2.7) | 40 (4.6) | 0.843 |