Table 2. Pooled prevalence of S. japonicum infections in wild rodents across China or by subgroups with meta-analysis.
Pooled prevalence was obtained via aggregation of the results of multiple studies by weighting the results of each study according to its variance.
| No. of publications |
No. of studies |
No. of rodents examined | No. of rodents infected | Pooled prevalence (95% CI)% |
Heterogeneity | Egger's test | Subgroup difference | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q-χ2 | Q/df | Q-P | I2 (95% CI) % | t | t/df | P |
Q-χ2 |
P |
||||||
| Overall | 37 | 61 | 8795 | 260 | 3.86(2.16, 5.93) | 876.80 | 60 | <0.01 | 93.2(91.9, 94.2) | 5.2499 | 59 | <0.01 | ||
| Study period | ||||||||||||||
| 1980–2003 | 15 | 23 | 5975 | 156 | 3.90(1.27, 7.58) | 603.09 | 22 | <0.01 | 96.4(95.4, 97.1) | 2.7679 | 21 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.96 |
| 2004–2018 | 22 | 38 | 2820 | 104 | 3.73(1.81, 6.14) | 247.5 | 37 | <0.01 | 85.1(80.4, 88.6) | 5.5900 | 36 | <0.01 | ||
| Eco-epidemiological settings | ||||||||||||||
| LM | 20 | 33 | 2336 | 200 | 5.78(2.25, 10.52) | 492.42 | 32 | <0.01 | 93.5(91.8, 94.8) | 1.2308 | 31 | 0.23 | 9.63 | 0.01 |
| HM | 17 | 28 | 6459 | 60 | 1.13(0.27, 2.36) | 189.48 | 27 | <0.01 | 85.8(80.5, 89.6) | 5.3433 | 26 | <0.01 | ||
| Province | ||||||||||||||
| Jiangsu | 5 | 8 | 427 | 114 | 13.94(0.21, 40.08) | 267.66 | 7 | <0.01 | 97.4(96.2, 98.2) | -0.8807 | 6 | 0.41 | 61.80 | <0.01 |
| Anhui | 9 | 17 | 1123 | 65 | 9.85(3.60, 18.21) | 166.39 | 16 | <0.01 | 90.4(86.2, 93.3) | 5.1455 | 15 | 0.01 | ||
| Hunan | 3 | 7 | 878 | 32 | 3.83(0.54, 9.19) | 43.68 | 6 | <0.01 | 86.3(73.8, 92.8) | 1.0829 | 5 | 0.33 | ||
| Hubei | 9 | 13 | 791 | 34 | 2.60(0.31, 6.35) | 67.55 | 12 | <0.01 | 82.2(70.8, 89.2) | 1.1860 | 11 | 0.26 | ||
| Jiangxi | 2 | 2 | 188 | 5 | 1.62(0.05, 4.51) | 0.19 | 1 | 0.66 | 0.0 | /- | - | - | ||
| Sichuan | 3 | 3 | 246 | 1 | 0.22(0.00, 1.58) | 0.64 | 2 | 0.72 | 0.0(0.0, 67.7) | -2.5366 | 1 | 0.24 | ||
| Yunnan | 6 | 11 | 5142 | 9 | 0.02(0.00, 0.13) | 7.94 | 10 | 0.64 | 0.0(0.0, 49.9) | 0.5579 | 9 | 0.59 | ||
| Season | ||||||||||||||
| Winter | 4 | 8 | 383 | 124 | 22.39(3.28, 50.58) | 229.52 | 7 | <0.01 | 96.9(95.2, 97.9) | -0.3044 | 6 | 0.77 | 6.82 | 0.08 |
| Autumn | 4 | 5 | 217 | 8 | 1.80(0.00,7.40) | 12.84 | 4 | 0.01 | 68.9(20.0, 87.9) | -0.0365 | 3 | 0.97 | ||
| Summer | 4 | 7 | 2971 | 22 | 3.16(0.41, 7.55) | 56.96 | 6 | <0.01 | 89.5(80.8, 94.2) | 4.1840 | 5 | 0.01 | ||
| Spring | 3 | 3 | 168 | 2 | 0.58(0.00, 3.19) | 2.51 | 2 | 0.28 | 20.4(0.0, 91.7) | -0.2851 | 1 | 0.82 | ||
| Density of rodents | ||||||||||||||
| ≥10% | 8 | 9 | 2929 | 38 | 2.74(0.40, 6.49) | 91.14 | 8 | <0.01 | 91.2(85.6, 94.7) | 2.746 | 7 | 0.03 | 4.40 | 0.04 |
| <10% | 8 | 9 | 523 | 3 | 0.03(0.00, 0.70) | 5.68 | 8 | 0.68 | 0.0(0.0, 50.4) | 0.9114 | 7 | 0.39 | ||
Abbreviations: HM, Hilly and mountainous regions; LM, Lake and marshland regions. CI: Confidence interval; I2: Inverse variance index; Q-P: Cochran’s P-value.