Table 1.
Sleep hygiene index scores by sociodemographic characteristics and personal habits
| Characteristics | n (%) | Sleep hygiene index score Mean±SD | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 401 (100) | 17.25±7.33 | - |
| Age (years) | |||
| <25a | 89 (22.19) | 20.17±6.09 | |
| 25-40 | 242 (60.35) | 16.92±7.14 * | 0.001 |
| >40 | 70 (17.46) | 14.67±8.29 * | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 184 (45.89) | 17.42±7.97 | 0.657 |
| Female | 217 (54.11) | 17.10±6.77 | |
| Education | |||
| < secondary | 68 (16.96) | 15.85±6.81 | 0.080 |
| Secondary and more | 333 (83.04) | 17.53±7.42 | |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 234 (58.35) | 16.03±7.32 | 0.001 |
| Unmarried | 167 (41.65) | 18.95±7.03 | |
| Occupation | |||
| Governmental employee | 157 (39.15) | 17.03±7.58 | |
| Military | 23 (5.74) | 13.43±6.25* | 0.010 |
| Free work | 25 (6.23) | 15.12±6.71* | |
| Unemployeda | 196 (48.88) | 18.14±7.17 | |
| Income | |||
| Sufficient | 269 (67.08) | 17.85±7.11 | 0.080 |
| Insufficient | 131 (32.67) | 16.55±7.67 | |
| Smoking status | |||
| Smoker | 39 (9.73) | 20.41±7.90 | |
| Non-smoker | 362 (90.27) | 16.91±7.20 | 0.004 |
| Energy drink | |||
| Yes | 88 (21.95) | 19.77 ±7.02 | |
| No | 311 (77.56) | 16.48±7.26 | 0.001 |
| Caffeine intake | |||
| ≤3 cups | 214 (53.37) | 17.26 ±7.44 | 0.006 |
| >3 cups | 187 (46.63) | 17.22±7.23 | |
| Cellphone use duration (mean±SD h/day) | (7.05±5.21) | r=0.26 | 0.001 |
| Video games players | 108 (26.93) | ||
| Duration (mean±SD h/day) | (2.83±3.35) | r=0.40 | 0.001 |
a=Reference group in post-Hoc test, *=Significant post hoc test (P<0.05)