Fig. 3 A-D.

Illustrations of four different types of injury patterns that would fit into the rotational/translational category of morphologic features. (A) Coronal plane view of a vertebral body segment with rotational malalignment of the middle segment relative to the superior and inferior vertebrae based on the change in orientation of the spinous process. (B) Axial plane view of an inferior vertebra, solid line, with rotational deformity relative to the inferior vertebra, dashed line. (C) Translational injury showing facet dislocation, a superior articular process fracture, and disruption of both the anterior and posterior ligamentous. (D) Fracture of the pedicle with translation of the anterior fragment and disruption of both the anterior and posterior ligamentous structures. Dotted lines represent ligamentous disruption or fracture lines.