TABLE 2.
Review of available literature discussing the treatment of BSS with Er:YAG or neodymium-doped:YAG laser
| STUDY DESIGN/SAMPLE SIZE | CONDITION TREATED | INTERVENTION | NUMBER OF TREATMENTS | OUTCOME MEASURES | CLINICAL OUTCOMES | ADVERSE EFFECTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rallan et al.5 | ||||||
| Case report (n=1) | Trichoepithelioma in BSS | Continuum Biomedical™ Er:Yag (2-mm beam diameter, 2,940nm wavelength, 0.4 J/cm2 at 4 pulses/sec) followed by Nidek™ CO2 laser was used in continuous mode (2 mm, 5 W) | Every 3–4 months over 19 months | Recurrence at follow-up | No recurrence during two years of follow-up | Not reported |
| Lopiccolo et al.7 | ||||||
| Case report (n=1) | Trichoepithelioma in BSS | Each side of face was divided into three portions: the top one-third received PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid, the middle one-third received topical imiquimod 5% cream, and the lower one-third was control; all three zones also received Er:YAG Sciton profractional laser at a depth of 450µm and a coagulation 3 setting, with 11% overlap therapy on the right side of the face | Two days after laser resurfacing, 1g of 5-aminolevulinic acid was evenly applied; after a one-hour incubation period, the area was treated with a Sciton broadband device with a 420-nm cutoff filter at 22 J/cm2with a 20-ms pulse width. Eight hours after PDT, a thin film of imiquimod 5% cream was applied. Patient was treated for three months, with laser resurfacing occurring once each month, PDT once every two weeks, and imiquimod cream applied every other night | Patient evaluation of cosmetic appearance pretreatment and three months posttreatment Rated on a scale of 0–10 points, where 0 points=no disease and 10 points=severe disease | Before treatment: 10 points; 3 months after treatment: 7 in the zone treated using PDT alone. 6 in Er:YAG resurfacing alone and resurfacing plus imiquimod. 5 in PDT and laser resurfacing. Patient preferred laser alone compared to PDT and laser | Not reported |
| Tarstedt et al.8 | ||||||
| Case report (n=1) | Cylindroma in BSS | Nd:YAG laser (1,064 nm, Sharplan 2,100, Gastrofiber 600 mm) used in a cutting continuous mode of 40 W | One treatment with excision with healing by secondary intention | Recurrence at follow-up | No recurrence during four years of follow-up | Not reported |
BSS: Brooke-Spiegler syndrome; Er:YAG: erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet; Nd:YAG: neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet; PDT: photodynamic therapy