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. 2020 Sep 15;10:15106. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72208-y

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Details of a control cartilage sample and its response to loading as assessed by serial quantitative MR images as a function of loading intensity. Serially acquired T1 (a), T1ρ (b), T2 (c), and T2* (d) maps of a representative control sample before (pre) and after (post) subjection to incubation under standardized conditions (37 °C, 5% CO₂, and 21% O₂) without additional trypsin exposure. Loading intensity was controlled by set pressure levels and measurements were made in the unloaded configuration (δ₀) and under loading to 15.1 N (δ₁) and 28.6 N (δ₂). Segmented color-coded relaxation maps were overlaid onto the corresponding morphological images. Unit of color codes on the right is [ms]. Of note, the loading piston’s diameter is 10 mm. Corresponding histological sections of the cartilage sample after Hematoxylin and eosin (e₁) and Safranin O (e₂) staining indicate structural and compositional integrity of the sample. More specifically, the tissue surface and tidemark were intact, while cellularity and Safranin-O staining intensity were regular.