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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Electrophoresis. 2020 Apr 9;41(21-22):1878–1892. doi: 10.1002/elps.202000015

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

(A) The different kinds of nanocarriers for cancer biomarkers and their characteristics (Reproduced from [17] with permission). (B) Negative stain transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of EVs (Reproduced from [12] with permission). (C) Comparison of different EV and microRNA isolation methods. They include ultra-centrifugation (UC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC, qEV), precipitation (miRCURY, Exospin) and affinity column (exRNA easy) techniques. The yield (concentration) varies by a factor of 10, suggesting the lower-yield techniques capture less than 10% of the EVs and microRNAs (Reproduced from the open access resource [14], https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/20013078.2018.1481321?needAccess=true).