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. 2020 Sep 2;11:2135. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02135

Figure 2.

Figure 2

HGF-MET signaling shifts M1 macrophages to an M2-like phenotype. (A) Effect of HGF treatment on expression of M1 and M2 markers. After differentiation to an M0 phenotype, macrophages were polarized to an M1 phenotype by treatment for 24 h with IFN-γ and LPS and an M2 phenotype by treatment with IL-4. M1 and M2 macrophages were then cultured for 24 h with either PBS or HGF (10 ng/mL). RT-qPCR was used to analyze mRNA expression of the M1 markers iNOS, CD86, TNF-α, and IL-6 and M2 markers Arg-1, CD206, IL-10, and TGF-β1. Ct values were normalized to those of β-actin and are expressed relative to mean level in M0 macrophages not treated with HGF, which was arbitrarily defined as 1. (B) Effect of HGF treatment on secretion of cytokines by M1 and M2 macrophages. ELISA was used to measure the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β1 in cell culture supernatants from M0, M1, and M2 macrophages that were treated or not treated with HGF. The results are represented as the mean and a scatter plot showing individual data points (n = 4). Unpaired Student's t-test (HGF– vs. HGF+), *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.