Table 1:
Features of the included studies and population, reported neurologic symptoms, and quality assessment
| Study | Sample (n) | Setting | Study design | Mean or median age (SD or range) | Female:male ratio | Neurologic symptoms reported | Quality assessment* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chang et al.21 | 13 | Beijing, China | Retrospective | 34 (14) | 1:3.3 | Headache and myalgia | Poor |
| Chen et al.32 | 99 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 55.5 (13.1) | 1:2.1 | Muscle ache, confusion, headache, nausea, and vomiting | Moderate |
| Chen et al.37 | 249 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 62 (18) | 1:1.7 | Myalgia, headache, nausea, dizziness, and vomiting | Moderate |
| Chen et al.38 | 203 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 54 (20–91) | 1:1.1 | Myalgia, headache, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting | Moderate |
| Chung et al.39 | 21 | Zhuhai, Nanchang and Qingdao, China | Retrospective | 51 (14) | 1:1.6 | Muscle soreness, headache, and nausea | Poor |
| Du et al.10 | 179 | Wuhan, China | Prospective | 57.6 (13.7) | 1:1.2 | Myalgia and headache | Poor |
| Feng et al.40 | 476 | Wuhan and Anhui Province, China | Retrospective | 53 (40–64) | 1:1.3 | Myalgia and neurological symptoms | Moderate |
| Filatov et al.44 | 1 | Florida, USA | Case report | 74 | 0:1 | Headache, altered mental status, fever, and cough | Poor |
| Gane et al.45 | 1 | London, UK | Case report | 48 | 0:1 | Isolated anosmia | Poor |
| Guan et al.1 | 1099 | China | Retrospective | 47 (35–58) | 1:2.4 | Myalgia, headache, and nausea/vomiting | Moderate |
| Gupta et al.43 | 21 | New Delhi, India | Retrospective | 40.3 (16–73) | 1:2 | Headache | Poor |
| Gutiérrez-Ortiz et al.56 | 2 | Madrid, Spain | Case series | 38 and 50 | 0:2 | Anosmia and ageusia | Poor |
| Helms et al.41 | 58 | Strasbourg, France | Retrospective | 63 | NR | Agitation, corticospinal tract signs, and dysexecutive syndrome | Poor |
| Huang et al.42 | 41 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 49 (41–58) | 1:2.7 | Myalgia and headache | Moderate |
| Karimi et al.48 | 1 | Sari, Iran | Case report | 30 | 1:0 | Seizure | Poor |
| Kim et al.11 | 28 | South Korea | Retrospective | 42.6 (13.4) | 1:1.2 | Headache and myalgia | Moderate |
| Lei et al.12 | 20 | Guangzhou, China | Retrospective | 43.2 (14) | 1:1 | Myalgia and nausea/vomiting | Poor |
| Li et al.13 | 548 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 60 (48–69) | 1:1 | Myalgia, headache, dizziness, vomiting, and confusion | Poor |
| Li et al.14 | 221 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 53.3 (15.9) | 1:2.5 | NR | Poor |
| Liu et al.15 | 137 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 57 (20–83) | 1.2:1 | Myalgia and headache | Poor |
| Liu et al.16 | 12 | Shenzhen, China. | Retrospective | 53.7 (10–72) | 1:2 | Myalgia and nausea/vomiting | Poor |
| Mao et al.3 | 214 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 52.7 (15.5) | 1.5:1 | Dizziness, headache, impaired consciousness, acute cerebrovascular disease, seizure, ataxia, impairment of taste, impairment of smell, nerve pain, impairment of vision, and skeletal muscle injury | Moderate |
| Moriguchi et al.49 | 1 | Yamanashi, Japan | Case report | 24 | 0:1 | Headache, convulsion, and impaired consciousness | Poor |
| Pan et al.17 | 21 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 40 (9) | 2.5:1 | Myalgia | Poor |
| Poyiadji et al.47 | 1 | Detroit, USA | Case report | NR | 1:0 | Altered mental status | Poor |
| Sharifi-Razavi et al.50 | 1 | Sari, Iran | Case report | 79 | 0:1 | Acute loss of consciousness | Poor |
| Shen et al.18 | 119 | Xiangyang, China | Retrospective | 49 (38–61) | 1.1:1 | Headache, nausea, and vomiting | Poor |
| Shi et al.19 | 81 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 49.5 (11) | 1:1.1 | Headache, vomiting, and dizziness | Poor |
| Song et al.20 | 51 | Shanghai, China | Retrospective | 49.6 (16) | 1:1 | Myalgia, headache, dizziness, and nausea/vomiting | Poor |
| Tian et al.22 | 262 | Beijing, China | Retrospective | 47.5 (1–94) | 1:1.1 | Headache | Moderate |
| Vu et al.51 | 1 | New York, USA | Case report | 30 | 0:1 | Dysarthria, right hemiparesis, and right facial droop | Poor |
| Wang et al.23 | 138 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 56 (42–68) | 1:1.1 | Myalgia, nausea, dizziness, headache, and vomiting | Good |
| Wang et al.24 | 125 | Anhui Province, China | Retrospective | 38.8 (13.79) | 1:1.3 | Myalgia, nausea/vomiting, and headache/dizziness | Good |
| Wang et al.26 | 1012 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 50 (16–89) | 1:1.1 | Myalgia, vomiting, and headache | Good |
| Wang et al.25 | 4 | Shanghai, China | Retrospective | 44.3 (19–63) | 1:3 | Dizziness | Poor |
| Pongpirul et al.27 | 11 | Bangkok, Thailand | Retrospective | 61 (28–74) | NR | Headache and vomiting | Poor |
| Wei et al.52 | 1 | Hubei, China | Case report | 62 | 0:1 | Diplopia and left eyelid drooping | Poor |
| Wu et al.28 | 80 | Jiangsu Province, China | Retrospective | 46.1 (15.4) | 1.1:1 | Muscle ache, headache and mental disorder symptoms, nausea, and vomiting | Moderate |
| Wu et al.29 | 80 | Chongqing, China | Retrospective | 44 (11) | 1:1.1 | Muscle ache, headache, and dizziness | Good |
| Xu et al.30 | 90 | Guangdong Province, China | Retrospective | 50 (18–86) | 1:1.3 | Mylagia, headache, nausea, and vomiting | Moderate |
| Xu et al.31 | 62 | Zhejiang Province, China | Retrospective | 41 (32–52) | 1:1.3 | Myalgia and headache | Good |
| Yang et al.33 | 52 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 59.7 (13.3) | 1:2.1 | Myalgia, headache, and vomiting | Good |
| Ye et al.53 | 1 | Wuhan, China | Case report | NR | 0:1 | Confusion | Poor |
| Yin et al.53 | 1 | Wuhan, China | Case report | 64 | 0:1 | Insomnia, lethargic, and unresponsive | Poor |
| Zhang et al.34 | 140 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 57 (25–87) | 1:1 | Nausea | Poor |
| Zhang et al.46 | 3 | Wuhan, China | Case series | 68 (65–70) | 1:2 | Headache | Poor |
| Zhao et al.55 | 1 | Wuhan, China | Case report | 61 | 1:0 | Weakness of both legs | Poor |
| Zheng et al.35 | 161 | Hunan, China | Retrospective | 45 (33.5–57) | 1:1 | Mylagia, headache, and nausea | Good |
| Zhou et al.36 | 191 | Wuhan, China | Retrospective | 56 (46–67) | 1:1.6 | Myalgia, nausea, and vomiting | Good |
NR = not reported.
*
Methodological quality assessment using the Murad tool: “Good” (5 points), “Moderate” (4 point), “Poor” (3 or lower points).