Table 2.
Microscopic findings and lesion prevalence from necropsied rough-toothed dolphins.
| Group-1 | Group-2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| System and Tissue | Number Examined* | Lesions | % | Number Examined* | Lesions | % |
| Respiratory system and sinuses | 27 | 12 | ||||
| Pterygoid sinusitis nasitremiasis | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 41.7 | ||
| Pulmonary congestion/hemorrhage | 4 | 14.8 | 6 | 50.0 | ||
| Pulmonary edema | 14 | 51.9 | 1 | 8.3 | ||
| Bronchopneumonia | 6 | 22.2 | 7 | 58.3 | ||
| Pneumonitis | 1 | 3.7 | 4 | 33.3 | ||
| Extramedullary hematopoiesis | 1 | 3.7 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Oronasal pharynx | 3 | 10 | ||||
| Nasopharyngitis | 0 | 0.0 | 6 | 60.0 | ||
| Pharyngitis | 3 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
| Cytopathic changes | 2 | 66.7 | 5 | 50.0 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 30.0 | ||
| Scirrhous ductal carcinoma | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 10.0 | ||
| Epithelial hyperplasia/acanthosis | 2 | 66.7 | 4 | 40.0 | ||
| LALT | 2 | 11 | ||||
| Laryngitis | 1 | 50.0 | 11 | 100.0 | ||
| Gland abscessation | 0 | 0.0 | 8 | 72.7 | ||
| Follicular hyperplasia | 2 | 100.0 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Glandular hyperplasia | 1 | 50.0 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 1 | 50.0 | 2 | 18.2 | ||
| Trematode eggs | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 36.4 | ||
| Nervous system | 23 | 12 | ||||
| Anoxic change | 4 | 17.4 | 7 | 58.3 | ||
| Purkijne cell drop-out | 1 | 4.3 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Neuronal satellitosis | 2 | 8.7 | 8 | 66.7 | ||
| Microglial nodules | 1 | 4.3 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Gliosis | 4 | 17.4 | 7 | 58.3 | ||
| Myelin hyalinosis | 1 | 4.3 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Myelin vacuolation | 2 | 8.7 | 7 | 58.3 | ||
| Demyelination | 7 | 30.4 | 2 | 16.7 | ||
| Axonal degeneration/spheroids | 4 | 17.4 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Neuropil vacuolation (spongiosis, edema) | 6 | 26.1 | 9 | 75.0 | ||
| Congestion | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Perivascular edema | 9 | 39.1 | 9 | 75.0 | ||
| Perivascular hemorrhage | 5 | 21.7 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Perivasculitis non-suppurative | 5 | 21.7 | 1 | 8.3 | ||
| Siderophages/hemosiderosis | 3 | 13.0 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Pigment deposition | 1 | 4.3 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Non-suppurative meningitis | 2 | 8.7 | 5 | 41.7 | ||
| Lafora bodies (polyglucosan bodies) | 1 | 4.3 | 4 | 33.3 | ||
| Meningeal edema | 2 | 8.7 | 5 | 41.7 | ||
| Meningeal hemorrhage | 3 | 13.0 | 9 | 75.0 | ||
| Meningeal fibrosis | 1 | 4.3 | 7 | 58.3 | ||
| Choroid plexus, edema | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Hemolymphatic system | ||||||
| Lymph nodes | 24 | 12 | ||||
| Hyperplasia | 6 | 25.0 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Depletion/hypocellularity | 3 | 12.5 | 10 | 83.3 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 41.7 | ||
| Inflammation drainage | 4 | 16.7 | 12 | 100.0 | ||
| Hemorrhage drainage | 2 | 8.3 | 10 | 83.3 | ||
| Lymphadenitis | 1 | 4.2 | 7 | 58.3 | ||
| Reactive change | 4 | 16.7 | 10 | 83.3 | ||
| Histiocytosis | 4 | 16.7 | 9 | 75.0 | ||
| Squamous metaplasia | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 9.1 | ||
| Plasmacytosis | 2 | 8.3 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Extramedullary hematopoiesis | 1 | 4.2 | 4 | 33.3 | ||
| Pigment deposition/hemosiderosis | 5 | 20.8 | 8 | 66.7 | ||
| Pigment deposition/hematin | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 33.3 | ||
| Pigment deposition/anthracosis | 6 | 25.0 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Spleen | 19 | 12 | ||||
| Splenitis | 1 | 5.3 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 3 | 15.8 | 4 | 33.3 | ||
| Pigment deposition/hemosiderosis | 2 | 10.5 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Extramedullary Hematopoiesis | 1 | 5.3 | 8 | 66.7 | ||
| Lymphoid depletion | 1 | 5.3 | 6 | 50.0 | ||
| PAL hyalinosis | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 33.3 | ||
| Thymus | 14 | 6 | ||||
| Thymic Involution | 5 | 35.7 | 1 | 16.7 | ||
| Lymphoid depletion/atrophy | 2 | 14.3 | 5 | 83.3 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 2 | 14.3 | 4 | 66.7 | ||
| Edema | 2 | 14.3 | 4 | 66.7 | ||
| Pancreas | 12 | 11 | ||||
| Zymogen granule depletion | 3 | 25.0 | 8 | 72.7 | ||
| Necrosis | 4 | 33.3 | 6 | 54.5 | ||
| Saponification/lipolysis | 1 | 8.3 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Ductitis | 1 | 8.3 | 4 | 36.4 | ||
| Duct hyperplasia | 2 | 16.7 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 4 | 33.3 | 7 | 63.6 | ||
| Islet of Langerhan eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions | 2 | 16.7 | 6 | 54.5 | ||
| Hepatobiliary system | 26 | 11 | ||||
| Vacuolar change | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 45.5 | ||
| Hydropic change | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Fatty change | 6 | 23.1 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
| Hemosiderosis (iron deposition) | 6 | 23.1 | 7 | 63.6 | ||
| Hematin deposition (trematode pigment) | 2 | 7.7 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Bacterial emboli | 1 | 3.8 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Cholangitis/portal hepatitis | 7 | 26.9 | 5 | 45.5 | ||
| Cholangiohepatitis | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 45.5 | ||
| Cholestasis | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Bile duct hyperplasia | 3 | 11.5 | 5 | 45.5 | ||
| Fibrosis | 1 | 3.8 | 4 | 36.4 | ||
| Central vein fibrosis | 3 | 11.5 | 4 | 36.4 | ||
| Congestion | 9 | 34.6 | 5 | 45.5 | ||
| Extramedullary hematopoiesis | 3 | 11.5 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Cholestasis | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Endocrine system | ||||||
| Pituitary gland | 5 | 11 | ||||
| Rathke's pouch cyst | 1 | 20.0 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
| Adenohypophysis, cyst | 1 | 20.0 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Adenohypophysis, thyroidization | 1 | 20.0 | 11 | 100.0 | ||
| Adenohypophysis, mineralization | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 1 | 20.0 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
| Infundibular stalk, congestion | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 27.3 | ||
| Adrenal gland | 21 | 12 | ||||
| Adrenal gland, cortical hyperplasia | 5 | 23.8 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Extramedullary hematopoiesis | 2 | 9.5 | 5 | 41.7 | ||
| Adrenalitis | 0 | 0.0 | 6 | 50.0 | ||
| Necrotizing adrenalitis | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 33.3 | ||
| Fibrosis | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Hemorrhage | 1 | 4.8 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Thyroid gland | 15 | 12 | ||||
| Thyroid gland, follicular cysts | 5 | 33.3 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Thyroid gland, thyroglossal cyst | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Papillary hyperplasia | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 25.0 | ||
| Colloid depletion/drop out | 4 | 26.7 | 6 | 50.0 | ||
| Hemosiderin deposition | 2 | 13.3 | 5 | 41.7 | ||
| Congestion | 2 | 13.3 | 8 | 66.7 | ||
| Urinary system | ||||||
| Kidney | 27 | 12 | ||||
| Nephritis | 4 | 14.8 | 5 | 41.7 | ||
| Interstitial fibrosis | 3 | 11.1 | 4 | 33.3 | ||
| Tubular pigment deposition | 0 | 0.0 | 6 | 50.0 | ||
| Glomerulopathy (membranous)/Bowman's hyalinization | 6 | 22.2 | 5 | 41.7 | ||
| Nephrosis/tubular necrosis | 1 | 3.7 | 4 | 33.3 | ||
| Medullary mineralization | 4 | 14.8 | 7 | 58.3 | ||
| Reproductive system | 17 | 12 | ||||
| Female | 11 | 9 | ||||
| Leiomyoma | 1 | 9.1 | 2 | 22.2 | ||
| Endometritis | 7 | 63.6 | 2 | 22.2 | ||
| Uterine angiopathy (sclerosis) | 4 | 36.4 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
| Cervicitis | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 22.2 | ||
| Pseudocervicitis | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 55.6 | ||
| Cervix, squamous metaplasia | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 22.2 | ||
| Endometrial Adenocarcinoma | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 22.2 | ||
| Mammary gland | 13 | 7 | ||||
| Mastitis | 5 | 38.5 | 2 | 28.6 | ||
| Benign adenoma | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 11.1 | ||
| Male | 6 | 3 | ||||
| Epididymitis | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 33.3 | ||
| Epididymis, luminal hemorrhage | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 33.3 | ||
| Integumentary system | 14 | 6 | ||||
| Atrophy | 5 | 35.7 | 4 | 66.7 | ||
| Dermatitis | 1 | 7.1 | 6 | 100 | ||
*
The denominator for prevalence determination represents the number of samples available for any particular organ system examined. Light gray indicates sex and organ system headings. Bold numbers indicates findings in >20% of the samples examined for either or both groups.